Pennsylvania State University-Penn State Berks · Courses
PNG
46 courses with the subject PNG, each shown exactly as we captured it from the college's catalog, with every element we hold. Where the wording looks broken, that is our reading of the catalog, not the college's text.
PNG 301Introduction to Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering3
The first part of the course will introduce the student to the design and implementation of the systems used in the extraction of oil and gas, including terminology and basic calculations in drilling engineering, geology, production, reservoir, and facilities engineering. The course will give an initial overview of the history of the oil industry and the origins of petroleum and natural gas reservoirs, followed by a description of the conventional and unconventional reservoir types. All aspects of petroleum engineering from upstream to downstream will be included in this discussion, including transportation, marketing, and environmental impacts. The remainder of the course will present the various key disciplines in petroleum and natural gas engineering in the chronological order of how the disciplines interact. Key problems in each of these disciplines will be reviewed and solved, using Excel and introductory statistics/computer programming (using Matlab). First, the discipline of drilling engineering will be presented. This will focus on the different types of wells, bits, casing designs, and completion techniques. Topics in the discipline of reservoir engineering will be presented next and will include basic petrophysics, reservoir types and fluids, as well as basic extraction methods. The life cycle of a reservoir and its efficient and environmental friendly management will be discussed, including enhanced oil recovery methods, such as carbon dioxide injection and surfactant flooding. Topics in production engineering will be presented next, and will center on tubing design, artificial lift, stimulation using acids and fracturing, and cased-hole logging. Topics in facility engineering, the last discipline to be discussed, will focus on surface facilities such as separators, gas and water gathering systems, pipelines, stock tanks, chokes, and recycle plants. Finally, differences between unconventional and conventional extractions and systems will be described as this is now critical to the energy security of the United States. Focus here will be on shale properties, fluid property changes owing to tiny pores, diffusion, absorption, and hydraulic fracturing. The course will explain how fracturing in shale reservoirs differs from conventional ones. Transport of oil or gas from these tight rock matrixes by diffusion through the fracture network will be presented. Environmental considerations will also be discussed.
This course introduces students to rock properties, fluid properties, and interaction between rock and fluids. It covers fundamentals of reservoir rock and fluid properties, including lithology of reservoirs, porosity and permeability of rocks, Darcy's law, and distribution of rock properties, saturation, wettability, capillary pressure, effective and relative permeability, phase behavior of single- and multi-component systems, compositional and black-oil models, solution gas-oil ratios, formation volume factor, compressibility, density, viscosity, and interfacial tension. These topics are covered in the context of fundamental properties needed to engineer subsurface reservoirs for applications in the energy sector, including conventional and unconventional hydrocarbon production, energy or gas storage, carbon geo-storage, wastewater disposal, groundwater, and geothermal energy.
This course offers a systematic study of reservoir rocks and fluids, focusing on their interrelation as applied to petroleum and subsurface energy engineering. Students will engage in both theoretical and laboratory investigations of the physical properties of reservoir rocks. Key topics include lithology, porosity, relative and effective permeability, fluid saturations, capillary characteristics, compressibility, and fluid-rock interaction. Through hands-on laboratory experiments and detailed theoretical analysis, students will gain a comprehensive understanding of the properties and behaviors of reservoir rocks and fluids.
This course covers hydrocarbon production at well- and field-scale. It teaches methods for calculating hydrocarbons in place and forecasting future hydrocarbon and water production, with a focus on Primary Hydrocarbon Recovery. Students learn reservoir engineering techniques and methods for reserve estimation, production forecasts, and field performance, such as the method of analogy, volumetric method, material balance method, decline curve analysis, and steady and unsteady state flow modeling. They apply these methods to subsurface conventional and unconventional reservoirs. The course also helps students identify primary recovery drive mechanisms, choose appropriate forecasting methods for each mechanism, and understand the data needed for these methods.
PNG 411Introduction to Petroleum and Natural Gas Extraction1
Introduction to the design and implementation of the systems used in the extraction of oil and gas. Not intended for petroleum and natural gas engineering majors.
PNG 420Applied Reservoir Analysis and Secondary Recovery3
This course addresses basic fluid flow topics in reservoir engineering, with a focus on Secondary Hydrocarbon Recovery, especially water flooding and injection in subsurface reservoirs. The displacement of in-situ fluids by water is a complicated physical process that has a substantial impact on recovery efficiencies. This course is organized around understanding areal, vertical, and local displacement efficiencies and the key factors that affect those efficiencies. The course provides strategies for selecting a field pattern for special cases. The impact of mobility ratio on vertical and area sweep efficiency is examined. The extension of the Buckley and Leverett water flooding theory is presented for two-phase flow. The course provides insights on how water moves through a reservoir and how to design a waterflood by specifying locations of production and injection wells, and rate schedules. The course also discusses relevant well-test analyses. Practical aspects of waterflooding in the field are also considered throughout the course.
This course examines the mathematical basis for pressure analysis. Both theory and the practice of pressure testing techniques are considered. The objectives are to: 1) Understand fundamentals of pressure transient analysis (well testing) for estimation of key formation parameters for a variety of flow models, including the line source solution, finite wellbore radius with wellbore storage and skin, naturally fractured reservoirs, and infinite and finite conductivity fractures; 2) Solve pressure transient problems using analytical solutions, computer programs, classical graphical methods, and modern well test software; 3) Understand sources of error and assumptions made; and 4) Learn about practical well test evaluation and well configurations for both tight and conventional reservoirs.
This course focuses on gaining fundamental knowledge and competence in numerically discretizing and solving partial differential equations (PDEs) that govern single- and multiphase fluid flow in porous media and apply them to reservoir simulation and reservoir engineering problems. The course begins with a focus on single-phase flow, wherein the governing equations are derived for the most general case and then specialized in incompressible, slightly compressible, and fully compressible fluids. Subsequent lectures focus on each fluid type and use their physical backdrop to cover basic concepts related to finite-difference/volume discretization of spatial and temporal operators, the consistency, convergence, and stability of the resulting schemes, and ways to handle nonlinearities in numerical computing. Topics related to linear solvers and ways to analyze the numerical stability of a scheme are covered. Incompressible, slightly compressible, and compressible equations conveniently map to elliptic, linear parabolic, and nonlinear parabolic PDEs, incrementally building on the students' computational skills. The course culminates with a generalization of learned concepts to multiphase flow. Issues and intricacies related to discretizing and iteratively coupling the PDEs are addressed.
This course covers the characterization of subsurface reservoir formations and methods for quantifying the fluid volume, such as hydrocarbon and water, in these formations. The course focuses on the petrophysical interpretation of wireline logs and covers the operation and underlying physical principles of those tools. The course covers the basic procedure of open-hole logging, calculation of a geothermal gradient, understanding raster and digital well log files, quick look interpretation, reservoir volumetrics, understanding the physics of and cultivating the ability to interpret data from the traditional logging suite (e.g., gamma ray, spontaneous potential, resistivity devices, density, neutron, and sonic logs), coring, wireline formation testing, nuclear magnetic resonance logging, and interpretation. Best practices and limitations of the various well-log tools are also discussed. As a "writing across the curriculum" course, students develop their technical writing skills through homework assignments that present their analyses in written reports.
This course presents the design and analysis of economically and environmentally safe operations for drilling subterranean wells. It helps students gain a thorough knowledge of the mechanics, mathematics, chemistry, physics, and industry practices of drilling systems. The course topics include drilling rigs, drill string, drilling fluids, wellbore hydraulics, drill bits, drilling cost, pore pressure and fracture gradient, directional and horizontal drilling, well control, wellbore stability, and well cementing. The developed practical skills will be applicable to careers in oil and gas, mineral exploration, geothermal, groundwater drilling, underground construction, tunnel engineering, and scientific research.
This course covers well-control procedures and measuring drilling fluid properties. It helps students to apply drilling concepts, quantify fluid properties analytically, and tackle well-control problems in the lab. The course offers hands-on experience with drilling equipment, a rig floor simulator, and various apparatus related to drilling fluids and well cement analysis. It covers essential drilling measurements, error analysis, critical evaluation, and technical report writing.
Using the most advanced simulator system, industry professionals teach students how to avoid and resolve operational difficulties. Students who successfully complete the course receive a certificate.
This course provides a comprehensive review of the engineering principles and technologies used for geo-storage of energy, such as natural gas and hydrogen, carbon sequestration, and fluid disposal in subsurface formations. Students will develop an understanding of how sedimentary basins, such as hydrocarbon reservoirs, saline aquifers, or salt caverns can be utilized for storage of these fluids. The course topics include global energy systems and the energy transition, economics of geo-storage, surface facilities, structural geology of storage and seal rocks, related thermodynamics and phase behavior analysis, storage volume calculations, fluid migration, caprock integrity, as well as environmental risks and applications in enhanced recovery techniques.
This course introduces principles of production system analysis and mechanical field operations to enhance subsurface reservoir output. Topics include well performance evaluation, forecasting, artificial lift system design and selection, and fluid stimulation procedures in petroleum reservoirs. It covers single-phase and multi-phase flow in porous media and pipes, addressing compressibility in rock and pipes. Near wellbore issues such as skin factors and damage mechanisms are discussed, along with methods for quantifying wellbore performance and delivery. The course also explores production decline analysis and the use of artificial lifts, such as pumps and gas lift systems.
This course provides the fundamentals of surface production operations, along with the underlying operational principles and design criteria for equipment used in the surface handling of petroleum production fluids. Surface production facilities are detailed as systems responsible for separating Wellstream fluids into three single-phase components (oil, gas, water) and for their subsequent transport and processing into marketable products or environmentally acceptable disposal. The course offers an in-depth overview of hydrocarbon fluid behavior, analysis of hydrocarbon and water separation processes, transportation systems, and flow assurance challenges. Topics include the purpose and description of onshore and offshore surface production facilities and the function of the associated equipment. Furthermore, the course includes the design of various equipment such as separators, hydrocarbon stabilization trains, glycol dehydrator towers, and pipelines, among others.
This course introduces students to production engineering principles, hydrocarbon and well fluids analysis, produced fluid treatment and separations, and fluid transport in pipes. It covers essential production monitoring measurements, error analysis, critical evaluation, and technical report writing. Hands-on experiments help students understand engineering and physical concepts related to production engineering.
The course starts with a general overview of different types of unconventional reservoirs and their geological and petrophysical properties. Then, due to the significance of natural fractures in economic production from these reservoirs, special attention will be given to natural fracture characterization. In the next step, drilling and completion techniques adopted for these formations will be discussed. In the second part of the course, the emphasis will be on hydraulic fracturing design and collecting data (such as in situ stresses and rock mechanical properties) for a proper fracture design. Injection tests and Nolte-Smith analysis will be introduced toward the end of the course for fracture assessment purposes. The course will be finished with an overview of fractured well productivity analysis and decline curve analysis in unconventional oil and gas reservoirs.
PNG 490Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering Capstone Design3
PNG 490 serves as the capstone design experience for Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering majors. As such, students will integrate knowledge acquired in other PNG courses and apply it toward the design of a field development plan. Working in teams, students will start by characterizing the target reservoir or geologic formation using available field data. The student teams will then design the drilling and completion of wells in the target formation, while considering technical and economic constraints. The overall field development plan will consider a variety of factors, including (but not limited to): the timing of drilling wells, the forecasted production from these wells, acquisitions and divestitures, surface facilities, and environmental and societal impact assessments. Candidate plans will be compared based on financial metrics, such as rate of return and net present value. The semester-long capstone experience will culminate in a final presentation and a final report.
PNG 491Capstone Design in Drilling and Completions1
Application of the concepts of reservoir, production, drilling and completions, and economics to petroleum engineering design projects. Engineering design by definition is the integration of knowledge and skills acquired through experience, reading and formal instruction into a final product, the design. To that end, this course is the second course of a 3-course, 3-semester, sequence that will result in a comprehensive capstone-engineering project. As such, PNG 491 will utilize the knowledge gained from PNG 450, 451, and 475 to the project design initiated in PNG 490. The class will be divided into teams and students will be evaluated on the basis of their contribution to the team effort. All reports and presentations will be presented as a product of the team.
Integration of petroleum and natural gas engineering concepts to project design. Engineering design by definition is the integration of knowledge and skills acquired through experience, reading and formal instruction into a final product, the design. To that end, this course is the third course of a 3-course, 3-semester, sequence that will result in a comprehensive capstone-engineering project. As such, P N G 492 will utilize the knowledge gained from three semesters of formal instruction to the project design initiated in P N G 490 and continued on in P N G 491. Course material will include the application of spreadsheet programming to petroleum and natural gas project design and its use in project economic analysis and risk analysis. The class will be divided into teams and students will be evaluated on the basis of their contribution to the team effort. All reports and presentations will be presented to the class as a product of the team.
This course involves creative projects, including research and design, that are supervised by a faculty member. This course is for students who want to tackle a problem in petroleum and subsurface energy engineering, which involves a review of the literature and conducting theoretical or experimental research. The course requires the submission of a report, paper, or thesis, demonstrating the student's ability to conduct research, prepare a technical report, and contribute to the field of subsurface energy engineering.
This course involves creative projects, including research and design, that are supervised by a faculty member. This course is for students who want to tackle a problem in petroleum and subsurface energy engineering, which involves a review of the literature and conducting theoretical or experimental research. The course requires the submission of a report, paper, or thesis, demonstrating the student's ability to conduct research, prepare a technical report, and contribute to the field of subsurface energy engineering.
This course is for independent study of a topic related to petroleum and subsurface energy engineering, under the direction of a faculty member, that falls outside the scope of formal courses. It is not intended for scientific research.
This course provides students with fundamental skills to formulate problems of fluid flow in porous media in the context of reservoir engineering applications. Emphasis is placed on description of petrophysical properties, characterization methods, formulation of the equations that govern flow in porous media, and analytical solutions to steady-state flow problems.
PNG 502Coupled Flow and Deformation in Porous Media3
This course is a foundational course in the study of unsteady problems of flow, deformation, and transport in porous media. General topics of interest include continuum mechanics formulation of porous media, along with related mathematical solution development techniques including Green¿s functions, integral transforms, convolution integrals, and asymptotic expansion methods. The course further provides an overview of advanced modeling tools such as dual-continuum method and porochemoelasticity.
Mathematical analysis of complex reservoir behavior and combination drives; numerical methods for the solution of behavior equations; recent developments.
Theory and design of miscible methods of oil recovery, current field applications, including hydrocarbon, CO2, micellar/polymer, alkaline, and inert gas.
Thermodynamic science applied to hydrocarbon mixtures and problems in petroleum and natural gas engineering. General topics include study of phase diagrams of hydrocarbon fluids and application of thermodynamic rigor to phase equilibrium problems in the petroleum and natural gas industry.
This course provides an in-depth analysis of the technical aspects of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs, such as geochemistry, geomechanics, storage mechanisms, and transport processes. The course is designed to contribute to the student's ability to advance the frontiers of knowledge about the characteristics and development of unconventional reservoirs. The course presents conceptual knowledge and mathematical models necessary for exploration, characterization, reserve estimation, and performance analysis of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs. This content is critical for the student given that conventional hydrocarbon resources are known not to be able to meet growing demand for energy to fuel worldwide economic growth, which has triggered the developments of unconventional resources such as Marcellus Shale.
This course focuses on the quantitative characterization of oil and gas reservoirs, principally through analysis of seismic survey data, well logs, and by employing geostatistics. Emphasis is placed on the use of seismic surveys in the oil and natural gas industries, including interpretation, inversion, rock physics, and ties to well logs. One major goal of this course is to expose the student to a variety of advanced analytical tools used to quantitatively interpret seismic data. The tools we will talk about are specifically geared towards characterizing petroleum and natural gas reservoirs, but may be adapted for other purposes.
In petroleum and natural gas engineering, production and completion operations are critical components of field development operations. This course presents a high-level treatment of modern petroleum production engineering, including well deliverability from vertical and horizontal wells and diagnosis of well performance including production logging. In this course, the function of the production engineer is envisioned in the context of well design, stimulation, and artificial lift.
Formal courses given on a topical or special interest subject which may be offered infrequently; several different topics may be taught in one year or semester.
