BIO

Subject

BIO

Type

course

Edition

2026-2027

Source

www.lincoln.edu

Subject

BIO

Type

course

Edition

2026-2027

Source

www.lincoln.edu

Subject

BIO

Credits (min)

4

Credits (max)

4

Type

course

Edition

2026-2027

Source

www.lincoln.edu

Subject

BIO

Credits (min)

4

Credits (max)

4

Type

course

Edition

2026-2027

Source

www.lincoln.edu

This is a one-semester course that introduces the basic scientific information available on HIV/AIDS since 1981. The course will emphasize strategies for prevention and control for the individual, family, and community. Specifically, the course will highlight the special features of HIV infection that have enabled it to become a pandemic, awareness and behavior issues, HIV tests and treatment as well as preventive counseling. Skills for handling sensitive issues as well as the involvement of students in HIV related activities will be fully explored. Reasons for the disproportionate rise of HIV/AIDS in certain ethnic groups will be fully discussed. Prerequisite: ENG 1001 BIO 2005 Anatomy and Physiology I / BIO 2005L Anatomy and Phys. I Lab 4 credits This course is designed and offered for students in the Department of Health Science. It covers the morphology of the tissues, organs and organ systems of humans. The laboratory portion of the course focuses on mammalian dissection. BIO 1003; BIO 1005; or HSC 1060. Corequisite: BIO 2005L BIO 2006 Anatomy and Physiology II / BIO 2006L Anatomy and Phys. II Lab 4 credits This course is a continuation of Anatomy & Physiology I that focuses on the functions of human tissues, organs and organ systems. The laboratory exercises focus on the normal and abnormal functioning of human systems. Prerequisites: BIO 2005. BIO 2007 Cell Biology / BIO 2007L Cell Biology Lab 4 credits This course studies the fundamental unit of life, the living cell. The course focuses on studies of cell structure and function at the cellular, subcellular, and molecular levels. Topics covered include organelles, micro-tubular and cytoskeletal components, signaling pathways and principles of bioenergetics. Prerequisite: BIO 1004. Corequisite: BIO 2007L BIO 2008 Genetics / BIO 2008L Genetics Lab 4 credits This is an introduction to heredity that includes Mendelian and non Mendelian inheritance, cytogenetics, population and molecular genetics. The laboratory exercises use a variety of animal, plant and microbe models to demonstrate the principles of inheritance. LINCOLN UNIVERSITY 2026

Subject

BIO

Credits (min)

4

Credits (max)

4

Credit unit

credits

Type

course

Edition

2026-2027

Source

www.lincoln.edu

Prerequisite

Students must complete one of the following course groups: BIO 1001 and BIO 1002; BIO 1004. Corequisite: BIO 2008L

Corequisite

BIO 2006L

This course is designed to explore the physical, mental, political, and socioeconomic impact that cancer has on the patient. Throughout this book club-style course, students will read and discuss the stories of both patients and researchers as expressed through multiple literary works. During their class time, students will make connections between the text and their own lived experiences. This course will be beneficial for those who are interested in sociology, psychology, nursing/medicine, and/or cancer biology. Prerequisites: BIO 1001, BIO 1003

Subject

BIO

Credits (min)

4

Credits (max)

4

Credit unit

credits

Type

course

Edition

2026-2027

Source

www.lincoln.edu

Total 16

Subject

BIO

Credits (min)

4

Credits (max)

4

Type

course

Edition

2026-2027

Source

www.lincoln.edu

Chemistry: Select one (1): 4

Subject

BIO

Credits (min)

4

Credits (max)

4

Type

course

Edition

2026-2027

Source

www.lincoln.edu

Subject

BIO

Credits (min)

4

Credits (max)

4

Type

course

Edition

2026-2027

Source

www.lincoln.edu

Total Biology Core 16 credits Select five (5): 20 credits (Three must include labs) chosen from among the following:

Subject

BIO

Credits (min)

4

Credits (max)

4

Type

course

Edition

2026-2027

Source

www.lincoln.edu

Organic Chemistry II w/lab CHE 2004 and recitation 4

Subject

BIO

Credits (min)

4

Credits (max)

4

Type

course

Edition

2026-2027

Source

www.lincoln.edu

This course will introduce the mammalian nervous system, focusing on structure-function relationships of the human brain. The course serves as a foundation for more advanced neuroscience courses. Students will explore such topics as structure and function of neurons, brain anatomy, sensory systems, movement and speech, learning and memory, emotion, behavior, drugs and the brain, neuronal networks and circuitry, and neurological diseases and disorders. The intersection of neuroscience with other disciplines will be introduced. Prerequisites: BIO 1004

Subject

BIO

Credits (min)

4

Credits (max)

4

Credit unit

credits

Type

course

Edition

2026-2027

Source

www.lincoln.edu

This interdisciplinary course intersects neuroscience, philosophy, and art to engage students with different interests and perspectives in conversations about neuroscience. Students will learn about the history of art and neuroscience and hypothesize about neural mechanisms (perception, consciousness, visual processing, memory, the mind, etc.) using visual art, dance, music, literary art, and other artistic expressions. Students will study artwork from a neuroscience perspective, especially that of African Americans/Black people and Lincoln alumni. Cases will be presented to compare the "abnormal" brain with that of the normal brain. The discussions will lead to many philosophical questions, and students will create art or artistic expressions to represent and model the brain and brain function or dysfunction that will be exhibited to the public. Prerequisites: BIO 1004 LINCOLN UNIVERSITY 2026

Subject

BIO

Credits (min)

4

Credits (max)

4

Credit unit

credits

Type

course

Edition

2026-2027

Source

www.lincoln.edu

The students in this course will be introduced to the basics of endocrinology including the names and locations of endocrine organs, the types of hormones, their molecular structures and modes of actions. The hormonal regulation of a few specific physiological processes will be explored in depth. Students will be required to read and critique three primary papers in endocrinology. Their understanding of these papers will be assessed through analysis questions accompanying the papers and essay questions on exams. BIO 3002 Vertebrate Physiology / BIO 3002L Vertebrate Physiology Lab 4 credits This is an introduction to cell physiology, biological control systems and coordinated body functions in vertebrates. A comparative approach is used in covering the major groups of vertebrates. The laboratory exercises use a variety of animal models to study normal and abnormal physiology. Prerequisites: BIO 2007, CHE 1004. Corequisite: BIO 3002L BIO 3004 Developmental Biology / BIO 3004L Developmental Biology Lab 4 credits This is a comparative study of the reproduction, growth, and development of vertebrates including differentiation of the various types of cells and tissues. The course also covers the control of developmental processes and abnormalities of development.

Subject

BIO

Credits (min)

4

Credits (max)

4

Credit unit

credits

Type

course

Edition

2026-2027

Source

www.lincoln.edu

Prerequisite

BIO 1003, CHE 1004 BIO 2007. Corequisite: BIO 3004L

Subject

BIO

Credits (min)

4

Credits (max)

4

Type

course

Edition

2026-2027

Source

www.lincoln.edu

Subject

BIO

Credits (min)

4

Credits (max)

4

Type

course

Edition

2026-2027

Source

www.lincoln.edu

This course is designed to give the student hands on experience with a variety of common biological laboratory techniques. The focus of the course may vary from semester to semester. BIO 3008 Histology / BIO 3008L Histology Lab 4 credits This course covers the structural aspects of tissues and organs with emphasis on mammalian systems. Substantial time is spent on examining the arrangement and interactions of cells in tissues and organs. The laboratory portion of the course includes microscopic examination of tissue and organ sections as well as the methods of making sections for microscopic study. Prerequisite: BIO 1004. Corequisite: BIO 3008L BIO 3009 Botany / BIO 3009L Botany Lab 4 credits This is a writing intensive course that emphasizes the importance of plants in the ecosystem and takes an in-depth look at plant morphology, physiology and development. It also covers the evolution of plants with a focus on vascular plants. In lab, the plant body and physiological processes are explored, with an emphasis on the integration of structure and function. Field trips will be conducted to survey the local flora. or BIO 1003 and GSC 1011. Corequisite: BIO 3009L LINCOLN UNIVERSITY 2026

Subject

BIO

Credits (min)

4

Credits (max)

4

Credit unit

credits

Type

course

Edition

2026-2027

Source

www.lincoln.edu

Prerequisite

BIO 1003 or BIO 1005 Students must complete one of the following course pairs: BIO 1003 and BIO 1004;

Subject

BIO

Credits (min)

4

Credits (max)

4

Type

course

Edition

2026-2027

Source

www.lincoln.edu

Subject

BIO

Credits (min)

4

Credits (max)

4

Type

course

Edition

2026-2027

Source

www.lincoln.edu

Subject

BIO

Credits (min)

4

Credits (max)

4

Type

course

Edition

2026-2027

Source

www.lincoln.edu

This course covers the preservation of biotic diversity. Topics covered include ecosystem structure and function, the extent of biotic diversity, the natural history of diversity on this planet, past and current extinctions, human impact on diversity, and methods to preserve diversity. Prerequisite: BIO 1004 or GSC 1011 BIO 3012 General Ecology / BIO 3012L General Ecology Lab 4 credits This course is designed for both majors and non-science majors. It introduces the student to basic concepts of ecosystem and community structure, energy transformations, nutrient cycles, population dynamics, animal behavior, and pollution. Current topics of ecological importance are covered. Prerequisite: BIO 1004 or GSC 1011. Corequisite: BIO 3012L

Subject

BIO

Credits (min)

4

Credits (max)

4

Credit unit

credits

Type

course

Edition

2026-2027

Source

www.lincoln.edu

Total Environmental Issues Minor 24 credits

Subject

BIO

Credits (min)

4

Credits (max)

4

Type

course

Edition

2026-2027

Source

www.lincoln.edu

Principles of Medical Pharmacology will cover the concepts of pharmacological sciences as they relate to biochemistry, cell biology, and drug therapy. In general, Pharmacology is the study of how drugs act in biological systems to affect their function. It is the study of how the body reacts to drugs. This field is usually referred to as the marriage between chemistry and biology. At the end of this course, you should be familiar with the principles behind drug action and development, dose-response relationships, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacokinetics. Prerequisites BIO 1004, CHE 2004

Subject

BIO

Credits (min)

4

Credits (max)

4

Credit unit

credits

Type

course

Edition

2026-2027

Source

www.lincoln.edu

This course will educate students on various genetic and molecular changes normal cells undergo during transformation into malignant cancer cells. These modifications include unregulated cell proliferation, evasion of cell death, and metastasis. This course will describe factors that contribute to cancer development and discuss cancer prevention and currently available therapeutic treatments. Prerequisites: BIO 2007

Subject

BIO

Credits (min)

4

Credits (max)

4

Credit unit

credits

Type

course

Edition

2026-2027

Source

www.lincoln.edu

Case studies of brain structure-function relationships will be presented in this course that focuses on the nervous system from a systems approach. The mechanisms and neural circuitry of sensory systems, motor systems, learning and memory, neuronal development, higher cortical functions, and behavior will be studied and explored. Systemic dysfunction in the context of neurological diseases, including neurodegeneration, substance abuse disorders, and variation sensory/perception systems will be used to probe the details of neural circuits. Scientific literature and recent advances in systems neuroscience will be discussed. The lab will provide experimentation in systems neuroscience. Prerequisite: BIO 2021. Corequisite: BIO 3021L LINCOLN UNIVERSITY 2026

Subject

BIO

Credits (min)

4

Credits (max)

4

Credit unit

credits

Type

course

Edition

2026-2027

Source

www.lincoln.edu

BIO 4001 Microbiology / BIO 4001L Microbiology Lab 4 credits This course introduces students to the importance and applications of microbiology in food production, industry, environment, and human, veterinary and plant health. The mechanisms of pathogenicity of harmful organisms as well as methods of control will be explored. Students will be introduced to methods of cultivating microbes including nutritional and environmental needs of some common microbes. Identification of common microbes by macroscopy, microscopy, morphology, biochemical reactions and serology will also be explored. Prerequisites: BIO 1004, CHE 1004. Corequisite: BIO 4001L BIO 4002 Immunology / BIO 4002L Immunology Lab 4 credits This course considers pathogenic organisms, immune mechanisms, the pathogenic state, and serology. Laboratory exercises include the cultivation, isolation, and physiology of a representative number of forms, and immunological and serological exercises. Prerequisites: BIO 2008, CHE 1004. Corequisites: BIO 4002L BIO 4005 Comparative Anatomy of Vertebrates / BIO 4005L Comp. Vert. Lab 4 credits The gross structure of vertebrates is presented in this course as an evolutionary progression from the primitive jawless fishes through the birds and mammals. Special emphasis is placed on the dogfish shark, Necturus and cat which are dissected in the lab portion of the course. Prerequisite: BIO 1004. Corequisite: BIO 4005L BIO 4007 Molecular Biology / BIO 4007L Molecular Biology Lab 4 credits This course is designed to introduce the student to the concepts of DNA structure and function, molecular methods, and inheritance at the molecular level. Students will learn the vocabulary, methods and concepts using a problem solving approach. BIO 4008 Human Anatomy / BIO 4008L Human Anatomy Lab 4 credits This course is intended for students who desire to pursue medical, dental, pharmacy, and other health professional degrees and graduate degrees in anatomy. This course presents a systemic approach to the study of the human body. Lecture presentation begins with an introduction of anatomical terminology and an overview of cellular processes and tissue classification. Students then learn the gross and microscopic anatomy of the following systems: integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, circulatory, respiratory, digestive, urinary, and reproductive, Case studies will be used so that students can solve complex medical problems in anatomy. The laboratory component of the course generally parallels and reinforces lecture concepts through the use of preserved specimens, models, histological slides, skeletal materials, and virtual cadaver demonstration. The lecture and lab will be integrated in two 3-hour time blocks each week. LINCOLN UNIVERSITY 2026

Subject

BIO

Credits (min)

4

Credits (max)

4

Credit unit

credits

Type

course

Edition

2026-2027

Source

www.lincoln.edu

Prerequisite

BIO 1004 BIO 2008. Corequisite: BIO 4007L Students must complete one of the following course groupings:

LINCOLN UNIVERSITY 2026

Subject

BIO

Credits (min)

4

Credits (max)

4

Type

course

Edition

2026-2027

Source

www.lincoln.edu

Subject

BIO

Credits (min)

4

Credits (max)

4

Type

course

Edition

2026-2027

Source

www.lincoln.edu

Subject

BIO

Credits (min)

4

Credits (max)

4

Type

course

Edition

2026-2027

Source

www.lincoln.edu

Subject

BIO

Credits (min)

4

Credits (max)

4

Type

course

Edition

2026-2027

Source

www.lincoln.edu

Subject

BIO

Credits (min)

4

Credits (max)

4

Type

course

Edition

2026-2027

Source

www.lincoln.edu

This course is designed to meet the requirements of students interested in careers in biomedicalsciences, medicine, veterinary medicine, and nursing. It will highlight the characteristics ofvarious infectious diseases that affect different organ systems of the human body. Features of the diseases and their causative agents explored include nomenclature, classification, pathogenesis, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment options. BIO 4012 Neuroscience / BIO 4012L Neuroscience Lab 4 credits This Neuroscience course is a comprehensive introduction to the mammalian nervous system, focusing on the structure and function of the human brain. Anatomical, cellular, chemical, physiological, and molecular aspects of neuroscience will be discussed. Topics that will be covered include: neurons and glia, neuroanatomy, action potentials, synaptic transmission, neurotransmitters, sensory systems vision, hearing, and touch, motor systems, behavioral responses, development, learning and memory, aging, mental illness, neurodegenerative diseases, and genomics. An inquiry based approach will be taken to facilitate student learning of the material. A laboratory course BIO 4012L will complement the lecture course. Prerequisites: BIO 2007, CHE 1004. Corequisite: BIO 4012L

Subject

BIO

Credits (min)

4

Credits (max)

4

Credit unit

credits

Type

course

Edition

2026-2027

Source

www.lincoln.edu

Prerequisite

BIO 2007

Subject

BIO

Credits (min)

4

Credits (max)

4

Type

course

Edition

2026-2027

Source

www.lincoln.edu

Independent research supervised by a faculty member. The student will also meet with in a class setting with other research students to discuss journal articles and other science-related topics and to present and write about their research findings.

Subject

BIO

Credits (min)

2

Credits (max)

2

Credit unit

credits

Type

course

Edition

2026-2027

Source

www.lincoln.edu

Independent research supervised by a faculty member. The student will also meet with in a class setting with other research students to discuss journal articles and other science-related topics and to present and write about their research findings.

Subject

BIO

Credits (min)

2

Credits (max)

2

Credit unit

credits

Type

course

Edition

2026-2027

Source

www.lincoln.edu

Study Abroad 0 Independent Research 0 General Education 52 credits Major 61 credits Electives 16 credits Total required for BS degree 129 credits General Education 52 credits Major 61 credits Language through 2002 level 8 credits Electives 8 credits Total required for BA degree 129 credits LINCOLN UNIVERSITY 2026

Subject

BIO

Credits (min)

1

Credits (max)

1

Type

course

Edition

2026-2027

Source

www.lincoln.edu

This course will cover how drugs act and affect the nervous system, behavior, and mood. Foundational concepts in neuroscience (neurons, synapses, synaptic transmission, action potentials, and neurotransmitters) will be reviewed. Issues surrounding drug abuse, dependence, and addiction will be discussed. The course will also cover the neuropharmacology and drug treatments of psychiatric and neurological illnesses, disorders, and disease. Prerequisite: BIO 2021 LINCOLN UNIVERSITY 2026

Subject

BIO

Credits (min)

4

Credits (max)

4

Credit unit

credits

Type

course

Edition

2026-2027

Source

www.lincoln.edu

Subject

BIO

Credits (min)

1

Credits (max)

4

Credit unit

credits

Type

course

Edition

2026-2027

Source

www.lincoln.edu