BMB

/Maximum of 12 Courses offered in foreign countries by individual or group instruction.

Subject

BMB

Credits (min)

1

Credits (max)

12

Credit unit

Credits

Type

course

Edition

undergraduate

Source

bulletins.psu.edu

Subject

BMB

Type

course

Edition

undergraduate

Source

bulletins.psu.edu

Biochemistry and Molecular Biology FYS

Subject

BMB

Type

course

Edition

undergraduate

Source

bulletins.psu.edu

A course-based undergraduate research experience centered on analysis of bacteriophage (viruses that infect bacteria) genomics and writing a research proposal. Students will be introduced to various aspects of bacteriophage biology and various computational programs used to analyze bacteriophage genomic data. They will then use this knowledge to perform bacteriophage genomic analyses. Analyses conducted will be used to add to the current scientific knowledge through various routes, such as entries into scientific databases. Students will also learn to formulate a scientific question and write a hypothesis-based research proposal similar to those written for scientific funding agencies. In this way, students will be introduced to the process of scientific inquiry. al BMB 211: Elementary Biochemistry An overview of biochemistry that includes properties of biomolecules, bioenergetics, metabolism, nutrition, genetics, and molecular biology.

Subject

BMB

Credits (min)

2

Credits (max)

2

Credit unit

Credits

Type

course

Edition

undergraduate

Source

bulletins.psu.edu

or BMB 401 General Biochemistry

Subject

BMB

Credits (min)

3

Credits (max)

3

Type

course

Edition

undergraduate

Source

bulletins.psu.edu

/Maximum of 1 Selected experiments to illustrate major biochemical principles and techniques. B M B 212 B M B 212 Elementary Biochemistry Laboratory (1)B M B 212 exposes students to techniques typically used in industrial and academic laboratories to isolate proteins, perform enzyme kinetics, characterize carbohydrates and lipids, and study molecular biology. Data interpretation and conceptual understanding are emphasized.Specifically, students determine a weak acid's buffer range with a pH meter; quantify protein concentrations using a spectrophotometer; partially purify acid phosphatase from wheat germ, using ammonium sulfate precipitation, centrifugation and dialysis; characterize acid phosphatase kinetics; subject glycogen to acid and salivary amylase hydrolysis, then compare products using thin layer chromatography; isolate plasmid DNA from E.coli, then digest the plasmid DNA with restriction enzymes and analyze the products using agarose gel electrophoresis; make soap from commercial oils and fats; and lastly, identify fatty acids using a gas chromatograph.Students write laboratory reports to present their findings and correlate theory with actual experimental results. Written quizzes assess conceptual understanding of experiments. Teaching assistant evaluations judge the student's level of laboratory skill achievement, preparation, and ability to work with others in a professional manner.A solid chemistry knowledge base (CHEM 012 and either CHEM 034 or 038), previous laboratory experience, and the ability to work with mathematical word problems are expected of all students enrolled in the course. Biochemistry focuses on the chemistry of living organisms. This course provides basic biochemistry laboratory skills and exposure to widely-used methodology to develop a fundamental understanding of biochemistry needed for advanced courses in the student's major and compatible with the student's career interests. Outside resources for the student include reserved books and a course web site: www.bmb.psu.edu/courses/ daniel/BMB212/default.htm. Enforced Prerequisite at Enrollment or concurrent: BMB 211

Subject

BMB

Credits (min)

1

Credits (max)

1

Credit unit

Credits

Type

course

Edition

undergraduate

Source

bulletins.psu.edu

BMB/MICRB 251 Molecular and Cell Biology I BMB/MICRB 252 Molecular and Cell Biology II 3

Subject

BMB

Credits (min)

2

Credits (max)

2

Type

course

Edition

undergraduate

Source

bulletins.psu.edu

3 or BIOL 230W Biology: Molecules and Cells 3 MICRB 435 Viral Pathogensis 3 11 or MICRB 415 General Virology: Bacterial and Animal Viruses To graduate, a grade of C or better is required in two of the following 18-21 courses: • MICRB 201 rescribed • BMB 251/MICRB 251 or BIOL 230W lowing • BMB 252/MICRB 252

Subject

BMB

Credits (min)

3

Credits (max)

4

Type

course

Edition

undergraduate

Source

bulletins.psu.edu

Biomolecules, genetic mechanisms, organization of cells and their organelles, DNA replication, protein synthesis, membranes, the cell nucleus, energy conversion. BMB 251H Molecular and Cell Biology I (3) This course is an introduction to the fundamental principles of molecular and cellular biology, with a primary focus on eukaryotic cells. Topics covered will include elementary biochemistry; structure and function of biological macromolecules, the cell and its organelles; the role of biological membranes in bioenergetics and sub-cellular compartments. There will be a particular emphasis on the molecular mechanism of heredity; the organization and expression of genetic information; experimental methods used in the analysis of gene expression and the relationship between gene/protein structure and function.A key feature of the Honors course is the use of review papers and peer-reviewed journal articles as integral components of the course. The objectives of this component of the Honors course are to: 1) introduce students to the scientific method (the formulation of hypotheses based on observation and the processes underpinning the rigorous test of such hypotheses); and 2) provide the intellectual framework for a critical evaluation of the literature. Students are expected to engage in classroom discussion and will be evaluated by a combination of classroom presentations, multiple

Subject

BMB

Credits (min)

3

Credits (max)

3

Credit unit

Credits

Type

course

Edition

undergraduate

Source

bulletins.psu.edu

3-4 MICRB 410 Principles of Immunology 3

Subject

BMB

Credits (min)

3

Credits (max)

3

Type

course

Edition

undergraduate

Source

bulletins.psu.edu

Continuation of BMB 251H ; cytoskeleton, cell growth, division, adhesion, signaling, germ cells, differentiation, immune system, nervous system, plant cells. BMB 252H Molecular and Cell Biology II (3) This course is the second part of BMB 251H . This section focuses on the internal organization on eukaryotic cells and their organization in multi-cellular organisms. Topics covered include cell communication, the cytoskeleton, cell cycle, fertilization and development of multi-cellular organisms, genesis of tissues, and the molecular mechanisms of cancer and immunity. There will be a particular emphasis on how the basic principles and experimental approaches presented in BMB 251H are employed to address questions related to the topics that will be covered in BMB 252H . As in BMB 251H, a key feature of the Honors section will be the use of review papers and peer-reviewed journal articles as integral components of the course. The objectives of this component of the Honors section are to: 1) introduce students to the scientific method (the formulation of hypotheses based on observation and the processes underpinning the rigorous test of such hypotheses); and 2) provide the intellectual framework for a critical evaluation of the literature.Students are expected to engage in classroom discussion and will be evaluated by a combination of classroom presentations, multiple choice and short essay exams. Enforced Prerequisite at Enrollment: BMB 251 or MICRB 251 or BIOL 230W or BMB 251H or BIOL 230M Recommended preparations BMB 251H or BIOL 230M

Subject

BMB

Credits (min)

3

Credits (max)

3

Credit unit

Credits

Type

course

Edition

undergraduate

Source

bulletins.psu.edu

/Maximum of 8 Supervised student activities on research projects identified on an individual or small-group basis.

Subject

BMB

Credits (min)

1

Credits (max)

6

Credit unit

Credits

Type

course

Edition

undergraduate

Source

bulletins.psu.edu

/Maximum of 9 N/A - just activating a common course number

Subject

BMB

Credits (min)

1

Credits (max)

9

Credit unit

Credits

Type

course

Edition

undergraduate

Source

bulletins.psu.edu

/Maximum of 12 Courses offered in foreign countries by individual or group instruction.

Subject

BMB

Credits (min)

1

Credits (max)

12

Credit unit

Credits

Type

course

Edition

undergraduate

Source

bulletins.psu.edu

/Maximum of 9 Formal courses given infrequently to explore, in depth, a comparatively narrow subject that may be topical or of special interest.

Subject

BMB

Credits (min)

1

Credits (max)

9

Credit unit

Credits

Type

course

Edition

undergraduate

Source

bulletins.psu.edu

/Maximum of 12 Courses offered in foreign countries by individual or group instruction.

Subject

BMB

Credits (min)

1

Credits (max)

12

Credit unit

Credits

Type

course

Edition

undergraduate

Source

bulletins.psu.edu

or MICRB 400-

Subject

BMB

Credits (min)

3

Credits (max)

3

Type

course

Edition

undergraduate

Source

bulletins.psu.edu

or BMB 401H General Biochemistry

Subject

BMB

Credits (min)

3

Credits (max)

3

Type

course

Edition

undergraduate

Source

bulletins.psu.edu

Principles of the structure and function of biological molecules, including carbohydrates, lipids, membranes, proteins, and enzymes. BMB 401H General Biochemistry (3) is the first course of the honors general biochemistry series, a sequence designed to prepare students for careers and graduate study in the life sciences. Overall, biochemistry describes, in chemical and molecular terms, the structures, mechanisms, and chemical processes at work in all living things, and abstracts organizing principles that underlie life in all its diverse forms. Building upon concepts introduced in molecular and cellular biology and in organic chemistry, students in BMB 401H synthesize and apply this knowledge toward understanding the structure and function of the major classes of cellular constituents: water, and the various macromolecules -- amino acids and proteins, sugars, and polysaccharides, nucleotides and nucleic acids, fatty acids and lipids, and membranes and various membrane proteins. These molecules interact to comprise the next level of multi-and mixed molecular structures and organelles that enable a cell to carry out its many metabolic functions. Students also learn about the technologies used to study cellular components and processes, and current advances in biotechnology that have accelerated the pace of discovery in the field. Having gained familiarity with the molecules found in a cell, students are well-equipped to take on more advanced topics in the exciting, rapidly- evolving fields of the life sciences. An overriding theme in biochemistry is that polymers of living systems, though structurally large and functionally complex, are highly ordered chemical entities, with specific sequences of monomeric subunits giving rise to discrete structures and functions. The Undergraduate - The Pennsylvania State University 2026-2027 3709 course begins with an introduction to proteins, covering the structural basis of protein functions and then moves on to enzyme kinetics and mechanisms. Next, students explore simple and complex carbohydrates and topics in glycobiology that include energy storage, framework skeleton, and specific molecular recognition. Various classes of lipids, including phospholipids, complex lipids, membrane biology and transport systems, are covered next. Following is an analysis of the biochemical basis of signal transduction describing how specific signals regulate biomolecular activity-within a cell, and between cells-to keep an organism in homeostasis. Lastly, as a transition to intermediary metabolism in BMB 402H, an introduction to bioenergetic principles is included to provide a framework for understanding pathways of carbon and nitrogen metabolism, using glycolytic reactions as an example. Students may not receive credit for both CHEM 476 and BMB 401H. Enforced Prerequisite at Enrollment: (CHEM 212 or CHEM 212H) and (BMB 251 or MICRB 251 or BIOL 230W or BMB 251H or BIOL 230M)

Subject

BMB

Credits (min)

3

Credits (max)

3

Credit unit

Credits

Type

course

Edition

undergraduate

Source

bulletins.psu.edu

y

Subject

BMB

Credits (min)

3

Credits (max)

3

Type

course

Edition

undergraduate

Source

bulletins.psu.edu

Comprehensive survey of the pathways and regulation of intermediary metabolism. BMB 402H General Biochemistry (3) provides a more intimate and interactive class environment than does BMB 402. Most, if not all, of the students taking BMB 402H intend to pursue a Ph.D., M.D. or M.D./Ph.D. degree after graduation. Since biochemistry is an important discipline for advanced studies in life and medical sciences, a major goal of BMB 402H is to prepare students well for their future challenges in graduate or medical school. The textbook used is more advanced than that used in BMB 402, and it is what is typically used in biochemistry courses taught at premier medical schools and graduate schools. The class is conducted at a challenging level to provide students with the opportunity to treat topics in greater depth and to explore current development more fully than is possible in BMB 402.The major topics covered include glycolysis, TCA cycle, metabolism of fatty acids, lipids (phospholipids, cholesterol and sphingolipids), amino acids and nucleotides, signal transduction, and human genetic diseases. Since biochemistry is a very rapidly progressing discipline, any new developments not covered by the textbook are introduced in the lectures or via discussion of current scientific papers at an appropriate level. BMB 402H exams require that students understand all aspects of a

Subject

BMB

Credits (min)

3

Credits (max)

3

Credit unit

Credits

Type

course

Edition

undergraduate

Source

bulletins.psu.edu

An introduction to techniques of experimental biochemistry, illustrating principles covered in B M B 402. Enforced PreRequisite or concurrent at Enrollment: BMB 402

Subject

BMB

Credits (min)

1

Credits (max)

1

Credit unit

Credits

Type

course

Edition

undergraduate

Source

bulletins.psu.edu

Supporting Courses and Related Areas Select 15-17 credits from school approved list Supporting Courses and Related Areas: Require a grade of C or better Select 6 credits of 400-level BIOL, BMB, MICRB, PPEM, or WFS courses Excluding BIOL 400 and any courses numbered 494, 495, 496, 497, 498 or 499. Medical Technology Option (56-58 credits) Students spend approximately twelve months at an affiliated hospital during their senior year to complete the clinical phase of their baccalaureate studies. A fixed number of spaces are available on a 20-24 competitive basis of grade-point average and hospital approval. The Bachelor of Science degree in Biology is awarded upon successful 15 completion of the clinical study. The graduate is also eligible to take the national examination for certification and registry as a medical technologist. , Current affiliation is with St. Vincent Health Center, School of Medical Technology, Erie, PA. Code Title Credits

Subject

BMB

Credits (min)

1

Credits (max)

1

Type

course

Edition

undergraduate

Source

bulletins.psu.edu

/Maximum of 2 Participation in the instruction of undergraduate laboratory and lecture courses, including classroom preparation; discussion of principles and objectives of each exercise. B M B 408 Instructional Practice (1-2) Students in this course will gain experience in science teaching by participating in either lecture courses (as Learning Assistants) or laboratory courses (as Teaching Assistants) with the goal of making students in this course more effective as teachers and communicators in their future careers in science. Participation in instruction of selecte departmental lecture and laboratory courses will include preparation of class materials, and facilitating discussion and presentation of course principles and learning objectives of each topic or exercise. permission of the department

Subject

BMB

Credits (min)

1

Credits (max)

2

Credit unit

Credits

Type

course

Edition

undergraduate

Source

bulletins.psu.edu

Prerequisite

10 credits in biochemistry and molecular biology and

An introduction to readings and oral presentations in biochemistry and molecular biology. Enforced Prerequisite at Enrollment: (BMB 401 or BMB 401H) and (BMB 400 or BMB 402 or BMB 402H)

Subject

BMB

Credits (min)

1

Credits (max)

1

Credit unit

Credits

Type

course

Edition

undergraduate

Source

bulletins.psu.edu

This course uses the study of physical chemistry to develop quantitative and analytical skills in biological and chemical systems. The course covers thermodynamics, solution chemistry and kinetics. The study of thermodynamics includes the three laws of thermodynamics, and the concepts of energy, entropy and enthalpy. Solution chemistry includes the study of colligative properties, ligand binding and energetics in biologica systems. Kinetics covers the study of both chemical and enzyme kinetics, as well as enzyme inhibition. Enforced Prerequisite at Enrollment: (MATH 141 or MATH 141B or MATH 141H) and (PHYS 212 or PHYS 212H or PHYS 251) and (CHEM 202 or CHEM 202H or CHEM 210 or CHEM 210H)

Subject

BMB

Credits (min)

3

Credits (max)

3

Credit unit

Credits

Type

course

Edition

undergraduate

Source

bulletins.psu.edu

Developmental Biology introduces students to one of the most complex and exciting areas of modern biology. This course will cover basic concepts using a comparative embryology approach and focus on molecular and genetic analysis of mechanisms involved in cell differentiation and organ development. Students will learn how studies of development in different model organisms including invertebrate and vertebrate species have identified a network of evolutionarily conserved genes and signaling pathways that regulate embryonic development and morphogenesis. Enforced Prerequisite at Enrollment: BMB 252 or MICRB 252 or BMB 252H or BIOL 230W or BIOL 230M Recommended preparations BIOL 222 or BIOL 322 Cross-listed with: BIOL 430

Subject

BMB

Credits (min)

3

Credits (max)

3

Credit unit

Credits

Type

course

Edition

undergraduate

Source

bulletins.psu.edu

The study of signaling pathways that regulate the immune response. BMB 432 / MICRB 432 / VBSC 432 Advanced Immunology: Signaling in the Immune System (3)This course will use the immune system as a model in which to study how cells communicate in order to coordinate an immune response. We will focus on signaling mechanisms that regulate such immune responses as T cell activation, Thl/Th2 differentiation, macrophage activation, and migration of immune cells to sites of inflammation. All lectures are based on recent reviews by d key investigators in each field, as well as primary articles to present students with the most recent advances, techniques, and approaches used. The goal of the course will be to convey a basis understanding of intracellular signaling mechanisms that will pertain to all areas of biology, an appreciation for current questions and future directions in the field, and an in depth understanding of the signals that govern immune responses. The material presented will build on the basic concepts learned in BMB 400 and MICRB 410, and will lay the foundation for more advanced courses at the graduate level. Enforced Prerequisite at Enrollment: (BMB 251 or MICRB 251 or BIOL 230W or BMB 251H or BIOL 230M) and (MICRB 410 or VBSC 410) Cross-listed with: MICRB 432, VBSC 432

Subject

BMB

Credits (min)

3

Credits (max)

3

Credit unit

Credits

Type

course

Edition

undergraduate

Source

bulletins.psu.edu

In-depth coverage of processes by which drugs/chemicals interact with biological systems and the experimental approaches used to study these interactions. Enforced Prerequisite at Enrollment: BMB 401 or BMB 401H or BMB 211 Cross-listed with: VBSC 433 l

Subject

BMB

Credits (min)

3

Credits (max)

3

Credit unit

Credits

Type

course

Edition

undergraduate

Source

bulletins.psu.edu

Viral Pathogenesis provides students with a general knowledge of medically relevant viruses, with a specific focus on important human viral pathogens. The course is meant to help students understand how viruses cause diseases in humans and animals. Lectures and in-class discussions will focus both on the fundamentals of viral infection and disease mechanisms, and on contemporary virology-related topics in the scientific literature. Topics discussed can be divided into two main areas: (1) general concepts related to viral pathogenesis and the control of viral infections; and (2) specific viruses that cause human disease including HIV-1, herpes viruses, papillomaviruses, influenza virus, West Nile virus, Ebola virus, and SARS virus. Although prior knowledge of virology is not required for taking this course, a working knowledge of molecular biology, cell biology, immunology, and some microbiology is helpful. Enforced Prerequisite at Enrollment: (MICRB 201 or MICRB 201H) and (BMB 252 or MICRB 252 or BMB 252H) or (BIOL 230W or BIOL 230M) Cross-listed with: MICRB 435, VBSC 435

Subject

BMB

Credits (min)

3

Credits (max)

3

Credit unit

Credits

Type

course

Edition

undergraduate

Source

bulletins.psu.edu

400-Level

Subject

BMB

Credits (min)

3

Credits (max)

3

Type

course

Edition

undergraduate

Source

bulletins.psu.edu

This course is intended to provide advanced Biochemistry & Molecular Biology students with in class instruction on various laboratory methods used to explore the physical & chemical properties of proteins and other topics relevant to enzymes such as protein purification techniques and enzyme kinetic assays. In addition students will have hands-on laboratory experience conducting experiments related to 1) enzyme kinetics and product inhibition pattern to determine the order of product release, 2) purification of proteins such as rabbit muscle aldolase using a variety of protein purification methods including salt precipitation, dialysis, and ion-exchange/affinity chromatography using phosphocellulose resin, 3) determination of specific activity and purity of a student purified protein, 4) determination of molecular weight of native enzymes using gel-filtration-HPLC and subunit molecular weight by SDS-PAGE, 5) determination of isoelectric point and identification of C-terminal amino acid of a purified protein, and 6) determination of optimal conditions for protein crystal growth. Student performance is evaluated through a variety of assessments, including lab reports organized in accordance to the biochemistry journal articles and through written examinations that assess the understanding of principles and methodology. Enforced Prerequisite at Enrollment: BMB 442 and (BMB 401 or BMB 401H) Writing Across the Curriculum

Subject

BMB

Credits (min)

3

Credits (max)

3

Credit unit

Credits

Type

course

Edition

undergraduate

Source

bulletins.psu.edu

Laboratory in molecular techniques in genetic analysis, including use of bacterial systems and in vitro methodologies. The objectives of BMB 445W are to provide advanced Biochemistry and Microbiology e students with instruction in (1) techniques commonly used in modern research and clinical laboratories in this field, (2) evaluation of the quality of experimental data, including appropriate analysis, and (3) presentation of results of laboratory work in oral or written form. Students are evaluated via written exercises that assess the understanding of principles and methodology, and the ability to analyze and describe data. In addition, quizzes, problem sets, and exams may be used to assess student understanding. BMB 445W is an extension of the nucleic acid section of BMB 442, which is a prerequisite for BMB 445W. Enforced Prerequisite at Enrollment: BMB 442 and (MICRB 201 or MICRB 201H) Recommended Preparations (MICRB 202 or MICRB 203 ) and BMB 400 Writing Across the Curriculum

Subject

BMB

Credits (min)

3

Credits (max)

3

Credit unit

Credits

Type

course

Edition

undergraduate

Source

bulletins.psu.edu

General Education Course 3 Department List C (consult 3 with an academic adviser for . options) 16 16 Total Credits 125

Subject

BMB

Credits (min)

3

Credits (max)

3

Type

course

Edition

undergraduate

Source

bulletins.psu.edu

Emphasis will be on the role of mutations in the analysis of gene function; a detailed analysis of replication, transcription, translation, recombination and DNA repair. The course will also delve into the mechanisms involved in the regulation of gene expression both at the individual gene level as well as on a "global" scale. The course will examine the structure, replication and utilization of plasmids, transposons and bacteriophages, particularly focusing on their roles in the horizontal transfer of DNA between bacteria. The course will include both formal lecture presentations by the instructor as well as presentations of published research related to the field of bacterial genetics whenever possible. Enforced Prerequisite At Enrollment: (BMB 251 or MICRB 251 or BMB 251H or BIOL 230W or BIOL 230M) and (MICRB 201 or MICRB 201H) Cross-listed with: MICRB 450

Subject

BMB

Credits (min)

3

Credits (max)

3

Credit unit

Credits

Type

course

Edition

undergraduate

Source

bulletins.psu.edu

CHEM or MICRB Selection 400 Level BIOL or BMB or 3 Department List Selection CHEM or MICRB Selection Department List Selection 3 General Education Course (Exploration) Department List Selection 3 18 15 Total Credits 128 * Course requires a grade of C or better for the major ‡ Course requires a grade of C or better for General Education # Course is an Entrance to Major requirement † Course satisfies General Education and degree requirement For General Education Course notations, please be sure to include three (3) credits of United States (US) Cultures and three (3) credits of

Subject

BMB

Credits (min)

1

Credits (max)

1

Type

course

Edition

undergraduate

Source

bulletins.psu.edu

An exploration of the impact of advances in molecular biology on understanding disease mechanisms, medical diagnosis, and therapeutics. Enforced Prerequisite at Enrollment: BMB 251 or MICRB 251 or BIOL 230W or BMB 251H or BIOL 230M

Subject

BMB

Credits (min)

3

Credits (max)

3

Credit unit

Credits

Type

course

Edition

undergraduate

Source

bulletins.psu.edu

A study of the relationships among protein sequence, structure, and function. Course topics include description of protein structure, molecular viewing, forces that govern protein folding, macromolecular recognition, enzyme catalysis, experimental determination of protein structure, computational methods for structure prediction, and protein engineering and design. Enforced Prerequisite at Enrollment: (BMB 251 or MICRB 251 or BIOL 230W or BMB 251H or BIOL 230M) and (CHEM 202 or CHEM 202H or CHEM 210 or CHEM 210H)

Subject

BMB

Credits (min)

3

Credits (max)

3

Credit unit

Credits

Type

course

Edition

undergraduate

Source

bulletins.psu.edu

l Physical/chemical theory and techniques that emphasize purification and characterization of biological macromolecules, including proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. B M B 474 Analytical Biochemistry (3)This three-credit course deals with acquiring knowledge of laboratory skills required for success in experimental biochemistry and molecular biology. It is particularly suited for students intending a career as a research scientist in the areas of biochemistry, biotechnology, bioengineering, microbiology, or molecular biology. Course content focuses on the detection, purification and identification of biological macromolecules such as practice of separation science with emphasis on diffusion, gel permeation chromatography, ion-exchange chromatography, affinity chromatography, sedimentation velocity ultracentrifugation, sedimentation equilibrium ultracentrifugation, density gradient ultracentrifugation, agarose gel electrophoresis, SDS gel electrophoresis, isoelectrofocusing, membrane filtration and dialysis (including Donan equilibrium), ligand binding, high performance gas chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry, and immunological methods of macromolecules. The second unit includes the theory and practice of biological spectroscopy with emphasis on visible, infrared, circular dichroism, optical rotary dispersion, Raman, resonance Raman, nuclear magnetic resonance, electron paramagnetic resonance, Mossbauer, surface plasmon resonance, electron-nuclear double resonance, and electron spin echo spectroscopy of macromolecules. The lectures are designed to introduce a particular topic, to derive relevant equations, to supplement reading material with practical examples, and to clarify points in assigned problem sets. Two

Subject

BMB

Credits (min)

3

Credits (max)

3

Credit unit

Credits

Type

course

Edition

undergraduate

Source

bulletins.psu.edu

BMB 480 / MICRB 480 Cancer Development and Progression (3) explores how cancer initiates and progresses with a focus on the interactions between tumor cells and normal tissues in the body. The goal of the course is to build fundamental knowledge of the mechanisms that drive cancer, and the current advances and challenges in cancer treatment. Genetic, biochemical, mechanical, and metabolic aspects of cancer will all be discussed along with relevant experimental techniques. RNA and DNA viruses that cause cancer will be highlighted as agents leading to the discovery of oncogene and tumor suppressor signaling pathways, and as ongoing contributors to cancer-related death. Significant attention will be given to the role of the immune system in cancer development, prevention, and treatment. By understanding mechanisms leading to the disruption of signaling pathways in cancer, students will develop a framework of how hallmark features of cancer arise and what corresponding therapeutic strategies have been developed to target them. Students are expected to participate in lectures and take part in discussion and analysis of scientific literature. This course applies core concepts from genetics, biochemistry, and cell biology to the study of cancer and provides a useful foundation for students interested in pursuing related graduate research or medical studie Enforced Prerequisite at Enrollment: (BMB 252 or MICRB 252 or BMB 252H or BIOL 230W or BIOL 230M) and (BIOL 222 or BIOL 322) RECOMMENDED PREPARATIONS MICRB 410 and BMB 460 and MICRB 415 Cross-listed with: MICRB 480

Subject

BMB

Credits (min)

3

Credits (max)

3

Credit unit

Credits

Type

course

Edition

undergraduate

Source

bulletins.psu.edu

Modern DNA sequencing technologies have transformed molecular biology into a data science. Sequencing machines can now read hundreds of millions of DNA sequence fragments in a few hours and at low cost. These technologies not only enable affordable sequencing of individual genomes (human or any other species); they also allow us to investigate numerous ways in which the genome performs its biological functions in different cell types and how mutations in genomes give rise to various phenotypes. However, given the volume of data and the noisy nature of biological measurements and signals, we require intelligent and efficient computational algorithms to make sense of genomic datasets. The discipline of bioinformatics and computational biology aims to meet this need. This course focuses on understanding and applying the computational methods and algorithms that are used to analyze genomic data, in particular the large datasets arising from high-throughput DNA sequencing technologies. During the course, we will focus on several application areas in genomics that require computational analyses. These topics will be organized around three main themes: - Genomes: comparing DNA and protein sequences; locating sequences on the genome; assembling genomes. - Evolution: reconstructing evolutionary Undergraduate - The Pennsylvania State University 2026-2027 3713 relationships; personal genomics; detecting disease-associated genome variations. - Function: understanding biochemical activities using functional genomics; discovering functional elements in genome sequences; characterizing regulatory relationships between genes. For each of the genomics topics listed above, we will focus on understanding the computational algorithms that are used to analyze data. Such algorithms may include dynamic programming (sequence alignment), graph algorithms (assembly), clustering methods (phylogenetics & metagenomics), and machine-learning approaches such as Expectation Maximization, Gibbs sampling, and Hidden Markov Models (various applications in discovering functional genomic elements). Students will also develop practical bioinformatics analysis skills throughout the course. Each bioinformatics topic will be accompanied by practical exercises. Students will also work in teams to research and develop a project that applies computational methods to a genomics-related problem. Enforced Prerequisite at Enrollment: BMB 251 or BMB 251H or MICRB 251 or BIOL 230W or BIOL 230M or CMPSC 465

Subject

BMB

Credits (min)

3

Credits (max)

3

Credit unit

Credits

Type

course

Edition

undergraduate

Source

bulletins.psu.edu

Biochemical, genetic and evolutionary approaches to comprehensive discovery of functional DNA segments in genomes, including genes and regulatory sequences. BMB 484 Functional Genomics (3) What in your genomic DNA makes you different from chimpanzees, mice or flies? What sequences in your DNA make it more or less likely that you will develop diabetes or cancer? These are questions of widespread interest, answers to which could play major roles in personalized medicine and in understanding our place in the biosphere. Modern genomic analysis uses powerful technologies and generates massive amounts of data, which are yielding exciting insights into answering these questions. One hallmark of genomic research is that data are released rapidly along with tools for browsing and analyzing it. Thus not only can you learn the major results by reading papers, but you can examine the underlying data and do your own analyses. Discovery is no longer the exclusive domain of the data producers - you can join in!This course will introduce students to ongoing research aimed at identifying functional regions in genomes and encourage them to use web-based bioinformatics tools for exploring the genomic and epigenetic data. Students will develop creative projects that address issues in functional genomics of high interest to them.The course has two phases, the first on the basics of genomics (sequencing, alignment, assembly, resources), and the second on the search for functional elements in genomes. The course will explore ways to find:- Protein-coding genes within genomes- Transcribed regions: How much of the genome is transcribed? Which transcribed regions do not code for proteins? What roles do they play in the cell (regulatory and enzymatic)?- Evolutionary signatures of function: How can you use genome comparisons between species to estimate the amount of functional sequence - and to identify it?- Non-genic functional sequences: How do you map epigenetic features associated with gene regulation, such as histone modifications, DNase hypersensitive sites, and transcription factor occupancy?- Function by phenotype: Given the ability of genetic association to find loci that contribute to complex traits, such as disease susceptibility, how does functional genomics aid in finding basis of these traits? Enforced Prerequisite at Enrollment: (BMB 251 or MICRB 251 or BIOL 230W or BMB 251H or BIOL 230M) and (BIOL 222 or BIOL 322)

Subject

BMB

Credits (min)

3

Credits (max)

3

Credit unit

Credits

Type

course

Edition

undergraduate

Source

bulletins.psu.edu

The purpose of this course is to introduce students to the field of Human Genomics and Biomedical Informatics, in particular in the context of genetic architecture of complex human diseases and traits. The field of Human Genomics has experienced a massive explosion in data generation technologies, new discoveries, and increasing popularity in many scientific fields. This course will cover the molecular, statistical, population, and analytical aspects of modern human genomics and translational aspects of this field in biomedical informatics. Current methods to uncover the complex underpinnings of disease including methods to explore gene-gene and gene-environment interactions and data integration will also be covered. Enforced Prerequisite at Enrollment: BIOL 322 and (STAT 200 or STAT 250 or STAT 301 or STAT 401) Cross-listed with: VBSC 485

Subject

BMB

Credits (min)

3

Credits (max)

3

Credit unit

Credits

Type

course

Edition

undergraduate

Source

bulletins.psu.edu

Subject

BMB

Type

course

Edition

undergraduate

Source

bulletins.psu.edu

In BMB 490, students will form a collaborative team to explore a research topic in cell and molecular biology. Students will learn about experimental design, laboratory techniques, data analysis, and interpretation of data. By the end of the fall semester, students will have conducted and analyzed 2-3 experiments and gained background knowledge and hands-on experience in various techniques in cell and molecular biology. BMB 490 students may choose to continue their research in BMB 491, allowing students to complete a fast-tracked start-to-finish research project that goes from designing experiments all the way through to writing up and presenting findings. Enforced Prerequisite at Enrollment: BMB 251 or MICRB 251 or BMB 251H or BIOL 230W or BIOL 230M

Subject

BMB

Credits (min)

3

Credits (max)

3

Credit unit

Credits

Type

course

Edition

undergraduate

Source

bulletins.psu.edu

Communicating Scientific Findings BMB 491 is designed to be a continuation of BMB 490. Through

Subject

BMB

Credits (min)

3

Credits (max)

3

Credit unit

Credits

Type

course

Edition

undergraduate

Source

bulletins.psu.edu

/Maximum of 18 Supervised student activities on research projects identified on an individual or small-group basis.

Subject

BMB

Credits (min)

1

Credits (max)

18

Credit unit

Credits

Type

course

Edition

undergraduate

Source

bulletins.psu.edu

/Maximum of 18 Supervised student activities on research projects identified on an individual or small-group basis.

Subject

BMB

Credits (min)

1

Credits (max)

18

Credit unit

Credits

Type

course

Edition

undergraduate

Source

bulletins.psu.edu

/Maximum of 18 Creative projects, including research and design, which are supervised on an individual basis and which fall outside the scope of formal courses.

Subject

BMB

Credits (min)

1

Credits (max)

18

Credit unit

Credits

Type

course

Edition

undergraduate

Source

bulletins.psu.edu

/Maximum of 9 Formal courses given infrequently to explore, in depth, a comparatively narrow subject which may be topical or of special interest.

Subject

BMB

Credits (min)

1

Credits (max)

9

Credit unit

Credits

Type

course

Edition

undergraduate

Source

bulletins.psu.edu

/Maximum of 12 Courses offered in foreign countries by individual or group instruction.

Subject

BMB

Credits (min)

1

Credits (max)

12

Credit unit

Credits

Type

course

Edition

undergraduate

Source

bulletins.psu.edu