Social Problems & How to Help
- Subject
- HDFS
- Credits (min)
- 3
- Credits (max)
- 3
- Type
- course
- Edition
- undergraduate
- Source
- bulletins.psu.edu
141 courses with the subject HDFS, each shown exactly as we captured it from the college's catalog, with every element we hold. Where the wording looks broken, that is our reading of the catalog, not the college's text.
Social Problems & How to Help
This course offers students the opportunity to explore human flourishing - defined as a life of deep meaning, fulfillment and service to others. Students will be taught about flourishing through the lens of science, philosophy, and their own experience. Through exposure to diverse scientific theories and research on the skills associated with flourishing, to philosophical and religious writings on human happiness and wellbeing, and to various reflective exercises and contemplative practices (e.g., mindfulness and compassion meditation), students will develop conceptual knowledge, experiential insight, and practical skills related to flourishing. The course begins by introducing a conceptual framework that defines flourishing in terms of foundations, domains and dimensions. First, students will learn about the foundations of flourishing in terms of the unique human capacities for reflection, resilience and transformation. Second, students will learn about four major domains and related dimensions that characterize flourishing, including the domains of awareness (e.g., focus, emotion, mindfulness), connection to others (e.g., interdependence, compassion, diversity), wisdom (identity, aesthetics, values) and integration of one's values and intentions in everyday living (e.g., courage, performance).Together, in a supportive and highly experiential learning environment, students will be encouraged to envision, articulate and pursue their own unique path to flourishing during their time in college and beyond based on their intellectual and experiential learning in the course. By the end of this course, students are able to: (I) Demonstrate foundational knowledge, including the ability to analyze and describe the relevant concepts and theories in multiple intellectual fields on the nature and cultivation of human flourishing, and the ability to recognize the possibilities, value, and relevance of cultivating personal flourishing in their own lives in relation to flourishing in social relationships, communities, and institutions; (II) Experience deep engagement in terms of being familiar with the basic personal experiences relating to individual qualities of human flourishing in order to make personal sense of them, and master individual practices for assessing and developing them; and (III) Understand real-world applications in terms of acquiring skills, sensibilities, and perspectives relating to individual qualities of human flourishing, which they are able to apply in the diverse contexts of their lives General Education: Health and Wellness (GHW) General Education: Social and Behavioral Scien (GS) General Education - Integrative: Interdomain GenEd Learning Objective: Integrative Thinking GenEd Learning Objective: Soc Resp and Ethic Reason
Supportive relationships and communities are critical to health and well- being. However, creating meaningful relationships is challenging, and often requires a continuous exploration of the self and others. In this course, human development and contemplative science research sets the foundation to explore and understand connections between wellness, self-care, and community. Students will examine qualities of healthy relationships, social connection in their lives, and contemplative practices as they build skills for to promote collective resilience and solidarity. Additionally, they will be guided to examine challenges of self-care and caring for others by exploring systemic, social, and psychological barriers perpetuated by culture. Primary goals of this course are for students to develop greater awareness of self and a skill set to build and support a culture that values belonging, acceptance, and authenticity. Recommended Preparations: It is suggested (but not required) that students complete HDFS 108N prior to or concurrent with HDFS 109. United States Cultures (US) General Education: Health and Wellness (GHW) GenEd Learning Objective: Global Learning GenEd Learning Objective: Soc Resp and Ethic Reason
Humanities Elective (GH) 3 Consult with an Adviser 3 * Consult with an Adviser 3 HDFS 249N 3 † Consult with an Adviser 3 PSYCH 100 3 15 15
Introduction to psychosocial and family development at all stages of the individual and family life cycle. Bachelor of Arts: Social and Behavioral Sciences
LDT 215
/Maximum of 9 Formal courses given infrequently to explore, in depth, a comparatively narrow subject which may be topical or of special interest.
3 MATH 32 Math for Allied Health Professions 3 MATH 38 Elementary Linear Algebra 3 MATH 110 Techniques of Calculus I 3 MATH 140 Calculus With Analytic Geometry I 2 Supporting Courses and Related Areas 1 Students should select 54 credits from university-wide offerings 54 3 in consultation with an adviser. See program list of recommended courses. At least 24 credits are required in Nutritional Sciences, including 6 credits at the 400 level. No more than 3 credits can be NUTR 496, NUTR 494, or NUTR 494H. 3 General Education Connecting career and curiosity, the General Education curriculum provides the opportunity for students to acquire transferable skills 3 necessary to be successful in the future and to thrive while living in interconnected contexts. General Education aids students in developing intellectual curiosity, a strengthened ability to think, and a deeper sense 3 of aesthetic appreciation. These are requirements for all baccalaureate students and are often partially incorporated into the requirements 3 of a program. For additional information, see the General Education Requirements (p. 3371) section of the Bulletin and consult your academic adviser. The keystone symbol appears next to the title of any course that is 6 designated as a General Education course. Program requirements may also satisfy General Education requirements and vary for each program. Foundations (grade of C or better is required and Inter-Domain courses do not meet this requirement.) • Quantification (GQ): 6 credits • Writing and Speaking (GWS): 9 credits Breadth in the Knowledge Domains (Inter-Domain courses do not meet this requirement.) • Arts (GA): 3 credits • Health and Wellness (GHW): 3 credits • Humanities (GH): 3 credits dits • Social and Behavioral Sciences (GS): 3 credits • Natural Sciences (GN): 3 credits
The study of health and aging among persons from diverse race populations is not only the study of how people of different racial groups age, but also the contexts in which these populations function physically, psychologically, and socially. This course will allow students to develop a better understanding of the aging process across racial/ ethnic populations and how differences in adult and aging development can be affected by social structures. Furthermore, the course is designed to encourage students to transfer learned material into modifying existing or developing new practical solutions to reduce aging and health disparities. This course will cover multiple areas, such as: (1) Overview of the concepts regarding race, ethnicity, and culture; (2) Aging demographics; (3) Research methods in aging and racially diverse populations; (4) Health Disparities (e.g., physical and mental health); (5 Family, work, and retirement; (6) Aging in neighborhoods; (7) Policy. General Education: Health and Wellness (GHW) GenEd Learning Objective: Crit and Analytical Think GenEd Learning Objective: Integrative Thinking GenEd Learning Objective: Key Literacies
LHR 100
Conceptions of lifespan personal and interpersonal skill enhancement.
Undergraduate - The Pennsylvania State University 2026-2027 2547 or HDFS 239 Adolescent Development Select 3 credits from GN Biological Science 3 Select 3 credits from GN Earth Science 3 Select 3 credits from GN Physical Science 3 Select 6 credits from GA courses 6 Select 3 credits from GHW courses 3 Requirements for the Option Requirements for the Option: Require a grade of C or better Select an option 29-32 Students in the PK-4 Early Childhood Option must choose HDFS 229. Students in any of the Grade 4-8 Options should choose HDFS 239. Requirements for the Option PK-4 Early Childhood Education Option (32 credits) ate, Code Title Credits
Positive guidance methods for infants, toddlers and preschoolers, leading to self-control and social capability. Includes focus on home/childcare links. HD FS 231 Guidance in Early Childhood Care and Education (3) This course, intended for current or future providers of early childhood care and education, examines guidance methods for use with young children. It is required for the proposed Early Childhood Care and Education option to the associate degree in Human Development and Family Studies.The course emphasizes the use of guidance techniques that help children grow in independence, responsibility, self-control, and ability to function as group members. It addresses organization and guidance methods that foster the child's responsibility, independence, positive social interactions and emotional self-control. While the course covers various types of guidance, it emphasizes responding to children with respect and acceptance, using positive discipline. Since guidance is an area in which families and teachers frequently must confer, this course also deals with the use of effective parent-teacher communication skills. It requires weekly experience with young children.Each student will produce a portfolio demonstrating understanding of guidance techniques and their theoretical backgrounds. In addition, portfolios will demonstrate evidence of competence in analyzing the early childhood care and education environment in terms of its effect on young children's behavior, as well as competence in solving environmental problems that contribute to guidance issues. Portfolios will also demonstrate evidence of competence in communicating with parents and families about guidance issues. Students will reflect, in writing, on their own use of developmentally appropriate guidance techniques in their work with young children.The course will be offered once each academic year, with an enrollment of 15-25 students. Enforced Prerequisite at Enrollment: HDFS 229
Planning for play, creativity and exploration in programs for infants, toddlers and preschoolers. Includes focus on home/childcare links. HD
and Practice in Early Childhood Care and Educat HDFS 234 3
LHR 136Y
with elders LHR 160N
LHR 165N
Concepts of affectional and sexual orientation over life span, with emphasis on lesbian and gay male personal, family, and community adaptation. HD FS (WMNST) 250 Sexual Identity over the Life Span (3) (US) This course reviews concepts of sexual identity as informed by a human development perspective. Concepts of sexual orientation are discussed in the context of a review of lesbian, gay male, and bisexual lives. Developmental processes of lesbian and gay life are detailed: personal change from the teenage years through adulthood, changes in family and relationship patterns, and impact of communities, laws, and culture. These processes are contrasted to the developmental processes of women and men who identify themselves as heterosexual. The complex effect of gender, race, ethnicity, class status, and historical time on sexual orientation and its expression has generated ongoing controversies in scholarship as well as in public discourse. The course will be an introduction to these controversies as informed by human development research. Enforced Prerequisite at Enrollment: 3 credits in ANTH or BBH or CAS or COMM or CRIM or CRIMJ or GEOG or HDFS or HIST or PSYCH or SOC or
CONCEPTS OF AFFECTIONAL AND SEXUAL ORIENTATION OVER LIFESPAN, WITH EMPHASIS ON LESBIAN AND GAY MALE PERSONAL, FAMILY, AND COMMUNITY ADAPTATION.
Human Development through Memoirs LHR 201 HDFS 258N Introduction to Child Maltreatment and Advocacy 3 LHR 202 Studies LHR 304 HDFS 345 CONTEMPORARY URBAN ISSUES AND SOCIAL 3 LHR 305 JUSTICE FRAMEWORKS LING 1 HHD 200N Addiction Science to Society 3 LING 100 HHD 497I Intergenerational Communication 3 LTNST 315N
Introduction to the multidisciplinary field of child maltreatment. CMAS (HD FS) 258 Introduction to Child Maltreatment and Advocacy Studies (3) This course will focus on the identification, investigation, service, advocacy, prosecution, and prevention of child maltreatment as well as the treatment of adverse health outcomes for children who have been maltreated. Specific topics include the causes, correlates, and consequences of child maltreatment, best practices for reporting and investigating an allegation of child maltreatment, evidence-based prevention and intervention programs, the Child Welfare System, and relevant legal issues (e.g., termination of parental rights, children's testimony in court, etc.). By definition, this course will detail issues related to the abuse and neglect of children. This material can be difficult to hear, view, and discuss. This course is a required course, and a Undergraduate - The Pennsylvania State University 2026-2027 4323 prerequisite for all advanced courses, for a Minor in Child Maltreatment and Advocacy Studies. Cross-listed with: CMAS 258N, SOC 258N General Education: Health and Wellness (GHW) General Education: Social and Behavioral Scien (GS) General Education - Integrative: Interdomain GenEd Learning Objective: Crit and Analytical Think GenEd Learning Objective: Key Literacies GenEd Learning Objective: Soc Resp and Ethic Reason
An experiential introduction to negotiating differences in small groups, families, institutions, and communities. HD FS 287Y Intercultural Community -Building (3) (GS;US) This course provides students an experiential introduction to how individuals and families both affect and are affected by the various cultural/community contexts in which they develop, including schools, places of work, and youth and community programs. Students will identify and explore their own unique and shared assumptions, and the relationships between those assumptions and life histories and experiences. They will become aware of the dynamics of how communities are formed and function by forming a community themselves, and through involvement in a local community group or agency. Group discussions and written reflections will link their personal experiences to theory and research presented in class and readings on , such topics as developing systems theories, cultural communication theories, and decision-making. The goals of the course are to increase students' understanding of the relations between values, power relations, and the various processes of social change, and encourage the development of communication skills and citizenship. Special emphasis will be placed on developing relationships within culturally and ethnically diverse groups. Because it is designated as a writing intensive course, particular attention will be given to the development of written communication skills. Students will be evaluated on the basis on their performance in several areas, which may include examinations and quizzes, several writing assignments, and participation in class discussions and simulations. The course may be delivered at certain Commonwealth College campuses and Altoona College. Depending on location, the course may be offered during the fall, spring and/or summer sessions, with anticipated class enrollments of 12-20 students. United States Cultures (US) Writing Across the Curriculum
/Maximum of 18 Creative projects, including research and design, which are supervised on an individual basis and which fall outside the scope of formal courses.
/Maximum of 9 Formal courses given infrequently to explore, in depth, a comparatively narrow subject which may be topical or of special interest.
/Maximum of 9 Formal courses given infrequently to explore, in depth, a comparatively narrow subject which may be topical or of special interest.
and Family Studies Introduces core concepts and issues in the study of Human Development and Family Studies. Enforced Prerequisite at Enrollment: HDFS 129 or permission of human development and family studies honors adviser
Overview of research and methods issues tailored around development of honors thesis proposals. HDFS 310 Seminar in Honors--Research Methods is designed to cover all of the elements in designing a research project. Through a series of written projects, students study the scienti method, research question development, and tools and techniques for data gathering and analysis. The course covers how to take a theory about human development and family studies and develop testable hypotheses/research questions. Students learn the basic skills needed for managing and understanding data; analyzing data; and presenting data. Then, students use real data to practice data management, data analysis, and reporting on data in both oral and written forms. Enforced Prerequisite at Enrollment: Permission of Human Development and Family Studies honors adviser
(GH) Supporting Course 3 Supporting Course 3 Supporting Course 3 Elective 3 15 15 Total Credits 60-61 * Course requires a grade of C or better for the major ‡ Course requires a grade of C or better for General Education # Course is an Entrance to Major requirement † Course satisfies General Education and degree requirement Students are encouraged to review the HDFS Supporting Courses list (https://hhd.psu.edu/hdfs/undergraduate/courses/supporting- courses) for appropriate courses to fulfill the supporting course requirements. University Requirements and General Education Notes: US and IL are abbreviations used to designate courses that satisfy Cultural Diversity Requirements (United States and International Cultures). W, M, X, and Y are the suffixes at the end of a course number used to designate courses that satisfy University Writing Across the Curriculum requirement. General Education includes Foundations (GWS and GQ) and Knowledge Domains (GHW, GN, GA, GH, GS) requirements. Foundations courses (GWS and GQ) require a grade of 'C' or better. Academic Advising Notes: • Students selecting a GH course or supporting course are encouraged to schedule a course with the US or IL designation. • Students selecting a GQ course are encouraged to check with an academic adviser for appropriate MATH entrance requirements. • It is recommended that students fulfill the Writing Across the Curriculum requirement by taking HDFS 315Y via the World Campus. If HDFS 315Y is not taken, HDFS 312W or another writing intensive course will fulfill that requirement. Check with your adviser to ensure velopment) you are taking a course t requirement. Program Notes: • Many of the courses requi apply to the HDFS baccala hat fulfills the Writing Across the Curriculum red for the Associate degree in HDFS may ureate degree program.
or PSYCH 301WBasic Research Methods in Psychology SOC 1 Introductory Sociology or SOC 5 Society's Problems: Causes, Consequences, and
Students who complete HDFS 314 will have a broad understanding of the methodological principles and the techniques used to measure human and family behavior. Students will also acquire an understanding of how statistics, reading, and writing research are integrated together for a complete learning experience. By the end of the semester, students will have gained a supplementary understanding of the research process. Students who successfully complete HDFS 314 will have become proficient (1) in the use of standard methodological terminology related to HDFS research. (2) in the use reference managing software (such as Zotero or Mandalay). (3) using software for family data collection (such as Qualtrics, SPSS, or Excel). (4) recording and reporting family data collected from "participants." (5) analyzing family data sets through the use of standard statistical analysis. Recommended Preparations: HDFS 312W
or SOC 30 Sociology of the Family 3 HDFS 428 Infant Development 3 or HDFS 429 Advanced Child Development
*‡† STAT 200 or EDPSY 101 4 General Education Course 3 16 15
and Families
* Coursework) (GH)
/Maximum of 9 Formal courses given infrequently to explore, in depth, a comparatively narrow subject which may be topical or of special interest.
* Development (400 Level) 400 Supporting Course 3 400 Supporting Course 3 (Elective) (Elective) General Education Course 3 General Education Course 3 (Exploration) (Exploration) 15 15
Credits in the Human Services
Presentations and discussion of contemporary human issues by students and visiting professionals. Enforced Prerequisite at Enrollment: HDFS 401
A REVIEW OF GENDER-RELATED PATTERNS OF SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT OVER THE LIFESPAN, AS INFLUENCED BY BIOLOGICAL, SOCIOLOGICAL, AND PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS. Enforced Prerequisite at Enrollment: HDFS 129 and (HDFS 312W or 6 credits in ANTH or BBH or CAS or COMM or CRIM or CRIMJ or GEOG or HDFS or HIST or PSYCH or SOC or WMNST or BIOL or BISC) United States Cultures (US)
Family and community interaction, emphasizing strategies for intervention to solve family-community problems. Enforced Prerequisite at Enrollment: HDFS 312W and (3 credits in ANTH or BBH or CAS or COMM or CRIM or CRIMJ or GEOG or HDFS or HIST or PSYCH or SOC or WMNST or BIOL or BISC)
Theory and research related to interpersonal conditions which facilitate personal growth; intensive interpersonal competency training. Enforced Prerequisite at Enrollment: (HDFS 311 and HDFS 312W) or [6 credits in HDFS or 6 credits in PSYCH or (3 credits in HDFS and 3 credits in PSYCH)]
Theories, research, and application of adult behavior for maximizing adult- child relationships and optimizing child socialization and self- development. Enforced Prerequisite at Enrollment: (HDSF 229 or PSYCH 212) and HDFS 311 and HDFS 312W and (HDFS 315 or HDFS 315Y)
ll Analysis of individual developmental problems from young adulthood through old age and their prevention and modification. Enforced Prerequisite at Enrollment: (HDFS 129 or HDFS 249) and HDFS 312W
Strategies for, and roles of professional specialists in, the solution of problems in human development and family functioning. Enforced Prerequisite at Enrollment: HDFS 312W and [6 credits in HDFS or 6 credits in PSYCH or (3 credits in HDFS and 3 credits in PSYCH)]
Methods for planning, developing, and evaluating human service programs for families across the life span. Enforced Prerequisite at Enrollment: HDFS 311 and HDFS 312W and (HDFS 315 or HDFS 315Y)
This course will explore the nature and determinants of racial and ethnic variation in family processes in the United States. HD FS 416 (SOC 411) Racial and Ethnic Diversity and the American Family (3) During the last several decades, the racial and ethnic composition of the U.S. population has changed dramatically. At end of the 20th century, non-Hispanic whites accounted for less than 75 percent of the U.S. population. While blacks remained the largest minority group, there were nearly as many Hispanics as blacks, and the number of Asians was increasing. Population projections indicate that by the middle of the 21st century, Hispanics will make up nearly one-fourth of the U.S. population. Blacks, Asians, and American Indians together will comprise an additional fourth of the population. The last several decades have also brought significant changes in family life in the United States, including declining rates of marriage, a rising age-at-marriage, an increase in cohabitation, and a dramatic rise in the proportion of births outside of marriage. While these trends in family life have been experienced by all racial and ethnic groups, there is substantial variation in family patterns by race and ethnicity. The course will build on other courses in social inequality and the family. The course does not overlap with any existing courses in the Department of Sociology or with courses offered in other relevant departments.This course will explore the nature and determinants of racial and ethnic variation in family processes in the United States. The student will read articles from major sociological journals and learn to extract major points and issues. He/she will learn to synthesize and critique various arguments on major issues in the field. The student will acquire skills in summarizing and evaluating arguments in essay form. He/she will also develop oral presentation skills. Final grades for the course will be based on class participation, a brief (approximately 5 pages) paper, a group presentation, a midterm examination (essay format) and a final examination (essay format). The course is not required for the Sociology
Study of variability in family organization with an emphasis on cultural and economic factors influencing household organization and family roles. Enforced Prerequisite at Enrollment: HDFS 129 and HDFS 312W and [(HDFS 315 or HDFS 315Y) or (6 credits in SOC or ANTH)]
Dynamics of family interaction; effects of parenthood, sibling and intergeneration relationships on family solidarity. Enforced Prerequisite at Enrollment: HDFS 312W and (HDFS 315 or HDFS 315Y)
Economic conditions influencing family functioning; familial effects on the economy; strategies to enhance work-family relations. Enforced Prerequisite at Enrollment: HDFS 312W and (HDFS 315 or HDFS 315Y) United States Cultures (US)
Developmental changes in the antecedents and consequences of physical activity across the lifespan. HD FS (KINES) 427 Developmental Sport & Exercise Psychology (3)Change is constant with physical activity - our reasons for being active change across the lifespan an dour experiences with physical activity change how we view ourselves and those around us. Developmental Sport & Exercise Psychology focuses on developmental changes in the psychosocial antecedents and consequences of physical activity across the lifespan. Specific course objectives include (1) describing theoretical frameworks and methods used to study physical activity-related psychosocial development across the lifespan, (2) describing how self-perceptions develop and influence behavior in movement contexts at different points in life, (3) explaining how contextual factors influence developmental processes associated with physical activity, (4) identifying age-related differences in activity related antecedents and consequences of physical activity, and (5) developing, reviewing, and critiquing theoretically-grounded interventions to address issues related to developmental processes associated with physical activity across the lifespan. Evaluation will be based on written examinations, submission of a series of reflection papers on reading assignments, a group presentation, and the students' engagement in the class. It extends but does not duplicate existing courses in the Undergraduate - The Pennsylvania State University 2026-2027 4327 Department of Innersole, Human Development & Family Studies, and Psychology. Enforced Prerequisite at Enrollment: PSYCH 100 and (KINES 321 or HDFS 129 or PSYCH 212) Cross-listed with: KINES 427
or HDFS 429 Advanced Child Development
Processes of development during childhood from birth to adolescence. Emphasis upon theory, method, and empirical research. Enforced Prerequisite at Enrollment: (HDFS 229 or PSYCH212) and HDFS 312W
/Maximum of 6 Guided practicum experience in planning and facilitating developmentally appropriate activities for young children. HD FS 430 Experience in Preschool Groups (1-6 per semester/maximum of 6) This course is intended to provide students with guided experience in interacting with young children and in designing and conducting developmentally appropriate activities for children in preschool groups. In addition to working with preschool children in preschool classrooms, students will meet weekly to discuss curriculum and activity planning, guidance techniques and issues relevant to providing quality preschool settings. Time will be set aside in each class period for open discussion of classroom experiences. Visits to campus preschool locations are planned to enhance the selection of appropriate teacher resources for curriculum development. Enforced Prerequisite at Enrollment: (HDFS 229 or PSYCH 212) and HDFS 312W and HDFS 330
Analysis of problems in individual development from infancy through adolescence; prevention and modification of developmental difficulties. Enforced Prerequisite at Enrollment: HDFS 229 and (HDFS 239 or PSYCH 212) and HDFS 312W
Conceptual analysis and empirical investigation of interrelationships between developmental processes during the period of pubertal growth. Enforced Prerequisite at Enrollment: HDFS 239 and HDFS 312W
An analysis of the demographic, social, and cultural factors affecting the aged population in American society. Enforced Prerequisite at Enrollment: 3 credits in SOC Cross-listed with: SOC 435 Bachelor of Arts: Social and Behavioral Sciences
An in-depth examination of family policy. HD FS (SOC) 440 Family Policy (3)(BA) This course meets the Bachelor of Arts degree requirements. This course is designed to provide an in-depth examination of family policy. Students will identify and critically analyze major issues, controversies, and policies that affect families. Attention will be devoted to recognizing both intended and unintended consequences of family policies and understanding policy challenges and trade-offs. Students will gain an understanding of how policies are shaped by both facts and myths, as well as our values. Students will examine historical and current trends in family patterns (e.g., divorce, women's labor force participation, nonmarital births) to understand the implications they hold for individuals, families and society. Students will gain an awareness of the social, economic, historical, legal, and political contexts within which family policies exist and are proposed. Although the main focus is on U.S. family policy, some time will be devoted to learning about family policies in other countries. We will learn about several specific family policies in-depth (e.g., welfare), but a final goal is to help students develop a general way of looking at family policy that they can then use to understand any issue of family policy that unfolds throughout their lifetime. This course will foster thoughtful reflection and critical thinking, writing skills, research skills, and skills of synthesis, logic, an argument. Course goals will be accomplished through course readings, writing assignments, lectures, class discussions, debates and group projects. Mastery of course material and student evaluation are assessed in several ways. Students will take a midterm and final exam that cover lectures, class discussions, and assigned readings. Two papers are also required. The first paper is based on an analysis of newspaper articles dealing with family policy issues that students will collect and relate to course materials. The second paper is a literature-based analysis of a family policy in a society outside the United States. Class participation is also essential and its evaluation will be based on a combination of class attendance, contributions to class discussions, participation in group debates and projects, and an oral presentation of the final paper on a non- U.S. family policy. Enforced Prerequisite at Enrollment: 3 credits of SOC or HDFS Cross-listed with: SOC 440 Bachelor of Arts: Social and Behavioral Sciences
Credits BBH 101 Introduction to Biobehavioral Health 3 BBH 302 Diversity and Health 3 BBH 305 Introduction to Global Health Issues 3 BBH 315 Gender and Biobehavioral Health 3 BBH 316 Foundations and Principles of Health Promotion 3 BBH 402 African Health & Development 3 3 BBH 432 Biobehavioral Aspects of Stress 3 BBH 440 Principles of Epidemiology 3 Course available at Harrisburg campus h 3 3 Business Administration (Harrisburg Students Only) The Business Administration focus is for students who desire the 3 opportunity to develop and apply skills relevant to businesses and other organizations. Included in this focus area are courses in the core business disciplines of accounting, finance, management, and marketing. Select at least twelve (12) credits from below, with at least three (3) 3 credits at the 400 level. 1 Code Title Credits
Analysis of major issues in adulthood and aging, with an emphasis on integration of theory and research. Enforced Prerequisite at Enrollment: HDFS 249 or HDFS 445 and HDFS 312W
The course takes a social and developmental perspective to illuminate an often hidden, but significant dimension of human development in the context of death-related encounters, attitudes, historical patterns, cultural variations, as well as the complexities of the American death system. In considering death-related patterns in society, it explores notable examples like 'human-induced death' (e.g., suicides, accidents and homicides), 'socially sanctioned death' (e.g., violence from war, genocide, and terrorism), and the characterization of death in daily discourse, the media, and present day death rituals. Key issues and questions from the field are discussed at both individual and societal levels, which include the meaning of death, facing death across the life-course, the sociocultural context of death, bereavement and grief, the death industry, and ethical and legal issues surrounding death. Examining the variegated meanings in different social institutional spheres, such as ethics, politics, mass media, and family from a social-scientific perspective, the course helps students recognize and appreciate that death and bereavement are deeply embedded into social and cultural structures of society, including how we learn about death, the typical ways in which our attitudes and beliefs are shaped, and how death and bereavement affect children, adolescents, adults, and older adults. It also addresses issues specific to d death/dying in careers Human Development and Family Studies prepares for in terms of death education and bereavement counseling. Enforced Prerequisite at Enrollment: (HDFS 229 or HDFS 239 or HDFS 249 or PSYCH 212) and HDFS 301 and (HDFS 312W or PSYCH 301W)
This course introduces students to the concepts, research, and policies associated with historical and contemporary adoption practice. Topics
Examines causes, correlates, and consequences of child maltreatment, empirically supported prevention/intervention programs, the Child Welfare System and relevant legal issues. Enforced Prerequisite at Enrollment: (HDFS 229 or HDFS 239) and HDFS 312W
Current and historical perspectives of roles and functions of family members in designing, delivering, and evaluating of child service programs. Enforced Prerequisite at Enrollment: HDFS 229 and HDFS 312W and (HDFS 315 or HDFS 315Y)
Advanced examination in approaches for preventing child maltreatment and treating its consequences. HD FS (CMAS) 465 Child Maltreatment: Prevention and Treatment (3) Child maltreatment, including physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, and neglect, is a highly prevalent condition affecting nearly one million children each year in the United States alone. This course will delineate the long-term health consequences affecting those who have experienced child maltreatment with an emphasis on those outcomes exerting the greatest impact on overall public health throughout the lifespan. Importantly, a focus on the etiology of such health consequences in the child maltreatment population will be made in order to understand the causal pathways leading to these health consequences. This focus on etiology will serve as a segue into the remaining sections of this course, specifically the prevention and treatment of child maltreatment and its consequences. Undergraduate - The Pennsylvania State University 2026-2027 4329 Universal and targeted prevention programs, where the focus is to prevent an initial instance of child maltreatment from occurring, will be detailed, as will tertiary prevention programs, where the focus is on preventing a re-occurrence of child maltreatment. Similarly, prevention of adverse health outcomes for those affected by child maltreatment will also be covered. Finally, evidenced-based interventions applied with children who have been maltreated and are currently experiencing clinical levels of impairment (e.g. post-traumatic stress disorder) will be detailed. Identification and rehearsal of treatment components commonly used in prevention and clinical intervention programs will be emphasized. Students successfully completing this course will have direct knowledge of the consequences of child maltreatment and the established methods used in prevention and intervention programs applied with this population. Enforced Prerequisite at Enrollment: CMAS 258N or HDFS 258N or SOC 258N Cross-listed with: CMAS 465
Exploration of how family life, quality, and structures in each region of the world are affected by the new global economy. HD FS 469U Family Change in the Global Economy (3) (IL) We know that family life, structure, and practices undergo dramatic change when there are economic and political changes in the society. Economic globalization is unprecedented as a force for social and political change. How is it affecting family life and structures around the world? While we have considerable research on globalization and on family change, there has been little work that connects the two.This is an exploratory seminar that involves locating those linkages and discovering families in each world region are changing as they meet up with global economic forces. As we explore each world region, we will learn about diverse cultures and how they are affected by global forces. In the Americas, Africa, Asia, the Middle East and Europe this course uncovers new forms of inequality that are emerging from the global economy and having direct effects on women and families. Through it all, we explore how human action, in the family, the community and the society, struggles for quality of life in a global economic context.
Interdisciplinary Interpersonal Relationship Studies is an advanced- level course designed to provide students with a comprehensive understanding of the intricate dynamics of interpersonal relationships through an interdisciplinary lens. Integrating key components of communication science, psychology, and family science, this course offers an in-depth exploration of how these domains converge to influence human interactions across the lifespan with a focus on the most current relationship research from both national and international perspectives. Enforced Prerequisite at Enrollment: One of: (Psych 100 or HDFS 216 or CAS 203) and One of (HDFS 312W or Psych 301W or CAS 304) Cross-listed with: CAS 472, PSYCH 469
In this course, students will explore the role of social and physical environments on individual and familial health and well-being using a social determinant of health framework. Specifically, students will learn about and evaluate the impact of socio-economic status, racial/ethnic minority status, income inequality, social networks and social support, social capital, and neighborhoods on health outcomes and mortality in the U.S.. Students will learn about medically underserved populations, the processes leading to disparate health outcomes, and policies and practices that can reduce disparities in health outcomes. This course provides important contextual understanding for students interested in health careers or those seeking to advocate for policies and programs that promote health and wellbeing. Enforced Prerequisite at Enrollment: (HDFS 312W or BBH 301W or
uate, Internship Experience
Palliative care focuses on enhancing the quality of life for persons with life-limiting conditions and their families throughout potentially curative treatment and disease progression, through assessment and intervention methods that prevent and ease suffering ¿ biological, psychosocial, and spiritual. From a biopsychosocial perspective, this course provides students with the conceptual, assessment, intervention, and professional skills to assist individuals and families across the lifespan facing illnesses such as cancer, heart disease, dementia, and Parkinson's Disease from the time of a palliative care diagnosis to day of terminal care diagnosis. Additionally, the course applies a holistic viewpoint to the assessment of ecological, social, and psychological factors influencing individual and family well-being in emphasizing best practices in addressing psychosocial stress and grief. This course will cover multiple areas, such as: (1) Psychosocial and spiritual issues, (2) Optimizing quality of life, (3) Strategies to support individuals and families, (4) Ethical and legal issues, (5) Communication, and (6) Interprofessional practice. Focusing on sociocultural and ecological approaches to relationship building and problem-solving, the course emphasizes best practices in patient/client and family-centered methods. The course is designed to foster clinical skills, thoughtful reflection and critical thinking, research knowledge, and skills of synthesis and logic crucial to assisting persons and their families from the healthcare to counseling setting. Students will be asked to participate in role-play simulations, contribute to weekly in- class discussions, develop and analyze case studies, analyze empirical- based literature, complete written assignments, and create a final project. Enforced Prerequisite at Enrollment: HDFS 129 or PSYCH 100 or SOC 1
or HDFS 494H
/Maximum of 6 Independent study under the direction of the thesis advisor of topics related to the interests of the student, culminating in presentation of a thesis. Enforced Prerequisite at Enrollment: approval of honors thesis advisor
/Maximum of 9 HD FS 495A Internship: Advanced Experience (8) HD FS 495A represents a full-time, one-semester internship experience. Its focus is experiential learning accompanied by intensive supervision, provided by one-site personnel, as well as University-based mentoring. Taken within a year of the pre-internship course (HD FS 490), which helps the student with the details of making arrangements for their internship, HD FS 495A, taken during the same semester as HD FS 495B, is considered the capstone of the HD FS undergraduate program. The internship can be taken during the fall, spring, or summer semester. It is one full semester spent working as a human service professional in a setting of your choice. Generally interns will work as a full-time professional (35-40 hours a week) for the semester. Enforced Prerequisite at Enrollment: HDFS 490 and HDFS 301 and HDFS 455, and permission of internship director
of 300-/400-Level Career-Related Course Work (with
/Maximum of 8 Guided professional practicum in human services, usually in the form of a project related to a human services issue. Enforced Prerequisite at Enrollment: HDFS 401 or HDFS 490 Undergraduate - The Pennsylvania State University 2026-2027 4331
/Maximum of 18 Creative projects, including research and design, which are supervised on an individual basis and which fall outside the scope of formal courses.
/Maximum of 9 Formal courses given infrequently to explore, in depth, a comparatively narrow subject which may be topical or of special interest.
/Maximum of 9 Formal courses given infrequently to explore, in depth, a comparatively narrow subject which may be topical or of special interest.
/Maximum of 12 Courses offered in foreign countries by individual of group instruction.
/Maximum of 12
/Maximum of 12
/Maximum of 12
Multidisiciplinary study of theories and research on human development across the lifespan.
Discusses the development of key biological systems, and their influences on behavior across the lifespan.
Principles of consultative and collaborative practice with human development intervention programs in formal or informal community settings.
Programs Across the Life Span Addresses theory and application of program evaluation, emphasizing process and outcome evaluation strategies for programs involving individuals, organizations and populations. HDFS (HPA) 506 Design and
/Maximum of 6 Implementing empirically validated preventative programs; discussion and evaluation of theory and techniques.
In this course students will evaluate a mix of foundational and cutting- edge research and theory investigating various changes during adolescence principally from a developmental cognitive neuroscience perspective. Particular emphasis will be placed on understanding the application of non-invasive neuroimaging techniques (e.g., functional magnetic resonance imaging, EEG) and the critical role these tools have played in our understanding of adolescent development. Topics to be discussed include (but will not be limited to) structural brain development, maturation in cognitive control functions (e.g., working memory, inhibitory control), as well as affective (e.g., emotion and reward processing), and social information processing. We will also examine factors contributing to adolescent decision-making and risk-taking behaviors. Cross-listed with: PSY 512
Review of basic research methods and statistics as applied to human development and family studies.
This course provides an overview of multilevel regression models for students pursuing applied statistical analysis of correlated data. We will consider the primary applications for multilevel models that involve working with data that have hierarchical/nested groupings, repeated measures, and extensions of both (e.g., more involved growth trajectories). This course will cover how best to approach manipulating both fixed and random effects (i.e., in a "mixed model") as well as assessment of model fit. We will work with the type of data that are suitable for multilevel analysis, where estimated parameters can represent both broader and more specific contextual levels. Presentation of theory will cover across-discipline uses of these models (and the various other names they go by such as hierarchical linear models, random coefficient models, etc.) and will aim to set a foundation for those who want to pursue more advanced modeling approaches (e.g., using latent constructs) in future coursework. regression analysis
This course provides graduate students with practical skills in data entry, data management, and applied statistical analyses.
An overview of basic statistical concepts, models, and methods for the analysis of development and change.
Theory and research pertaining to the causes, bio-psycho-social consequences, and the public health impact of childhood maltreatment. The purpose of this course is for students to learn to think critically about child maltreatment concepts, research, and treatment. Students will be thinking about child maltreatment at multiple levels, including individual, family, and prevention. Therefore, this course will review the breadth of literature on the biological, psychological, and public health impact of child maltreatment including sexual abuse, physical abuse, and neglect. The course will cover the prevalence and history of child maltreatment, long-term outcomes of maltreatment, research methods, and evidence-based treatment and prevention approaches. State-of-the- art research in the areas of prevention, treatment, biological sequelae, developmental consequences, and intergenerational transmission will be covered. Building on existing research, students will learn to apply critical thinking skills in order to recognize, articulate, and apply the concept of scientific impact to the field of child maltreatment.
This course provides the skills necessary to confront the data analytic issues presented in the Human Development and Family Studies methodology core curriculum.
Introduction to current theory and research about micro and macro forces related to family relationships and development.
Principles and methods for assessment of human developmental processes across the life span. Cross-listed with: PSY 526
Application of epidemiological methods to issues in the study of human development.
Design and application of observational methods in developmental research. Cross-listed with: PSY 528
/Maximum of 6 Readings and reports on recent findings in child development. educational psychology; 3 in statistics Cross-listed with: PSY 529
Exposure to a wide variety of statistical models as special cases of the General Linear Mixed Model with latent variables. HD FS 530 Longitudinal Structural Equation Modeling (3) This course provides a broad overview of structural equations modeling as a method for studying developmental processes in Human Development and Family Studies. In this course, students gain a thorough hands-on understanding of a wide variety of statistical model types as special cases of the General Linear Mixed Model (GLMM) with latent variables. Specific statistical model types covered include: exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis; linear, nonlinear and multivariate latent growth curve modeling; quasi- simplex modeling; longitudinal factor modeling; multi-group factor analysis, including a concise introduction to behavior genetic modeling; mediation analysis; testing for measurement equivalence; MANCOVA with nonstandard within-subject covariance structures; outlines of statistical selection theory and principal component analysis. The presentation of these diverse model types as special instances of the same GLMM is helpful to understanding their relationships and Graduate - The Pennsylvania State University 2026-2027 1189 differences and considerably streamlines applied statistical modeling. Each of these statistical model types are commonly used to analyze data from studies in the field of Human Development and Family Studies and illustrative examples are provided. Each model type is explained at 4 levels: 1) in terms of a set of simultaneous model equations; 2) as a set of matrix equations; 3) as a graphical model; and 4) as a Lisrel input code. All model assumptions are made explicit and the interrelationships between the 4 levels of model representation are emphasized. Then the model is applied to simulated and real data. The obtained model fits are assessed in terms of various statistical criteria and conclusions are explicitly drawn based on standard statistical decision theory. Selected models from studies of Human Development and other social sciences are interpreted in terms of content and possible pitfalls in their interpretation are discussed. For each modeling technique appropriate background publications, lecture notes and advanced reading material on nonstandard topics are provided.
This course addresses how genetic predispositions, behavioral and environmental factors affect children's obesity risk and examines strategies for obesity prevention. HDFS (NUTR) 532 Childhood Obesity (3) This course will examine the epidemic of obesity, particularly childhood obesity, and how various behavioral and environmental factors place children at risk of becoming overweight. Sources of influence that will r be examined include: children's nutrition and physical activity behaviors, the family environment, the school environment and community characteristics. Media, social policy and economic factors will also be addressed. In addition, the health and psychosocial consequences of obesity, ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in the prevalence and predictors of obesity among children and adolescents will be addressed. At its conclusion, this course will examine policy initiatives and obesity prevention programs. Cross-listed with: NUTR 532
Important current and emerging topics in obesity research relevant to government policy and general public education; emphasis on adult obesity. HD FS (NUTR) 533 Adult Obesity (3) This course will examine the epidemic of obesity, particularly adult obesity. Obesity: Causes, Consequences and Treatment will provide a forum to introduce and discuss current and emerging topics in adult obesity research, with emphasis on policy, prevention and treatment. Focus will be given to determinants of adult obesity and translation into government policy and efforts to educate the general public on the most effective strategies for body weight regulation, obesity prevention and treatment. Sources of influence that will be examined include: environment, genetics, neural,
This couse covers statistical dynamic systems modeling of multivariate psychological time series obtained with single and multiple subjects.
/Maximum of 999 Focuses on effective ways to integrate qualitative methods into quantitative approaches to research in human development and family studies. The purpose of this course is to cover how best to combine quantitative and qualitative methods in human development and family studies research. This course begins with the assumption that students have an existing research question to test through quantitative approaches that involve the formulation of research hypotheses before data collection. The course then explores how qualitative data approaches can further enhance their study. This course emphasizes the integration of qualitative and quantitative approaches through 1) designing qualitative projects to test hypotheses, 2) the importance of sampling, and 3) coverage of R for analyzing both qualitative and quantitative data. The course begins with an overview of mixed methods research. The course then addresses qualitative research and the development of qualitative research projects, before describing how to combine quantitative and qualitative data. The course will address best practices for sampling in mixed methods research. The course then will cover specific issues in qualitative research such as ethnographic data, intensive interviewing, and focus groups. The remainder of the course will cover specific issues in mixed methods designs, such as research designs, divergent findings, life history calendars, and statistica programs for mixed methods data.
The implications of knowledge from behavioral endocrinology, behavior genetics, and evolutionary psychology for understanding family relationships and child development. HD FS 537. (SOC 537) Biosocial Perspectives on the Family (3) Breakthroughs in the way biological variables are measured and modeled have generated new findings that greatly increase our understanding of the reciprocal influences between family relationships, child development, and biological factors. Specifically, advances in the study of hormones, genetics, evolution, pharmacology, and immunology have led to important advances in our knowledge of gender, becoming a parent, early child development, middle child, and adolescent development, parent-child relations, courtship and mate selection, quality of intimate relations, separation and divorce, incest, and dominance and family violence.Students are required to keep a journal of researchable ideas during the first five weeks of class. The purpose is to give students practice in identifying research needs and opportunities. The journal should include 4-6 research problems, each developed in 2-3 typed pages. The majority of each entry should be a clear statement of what knowledge gains would be realized by conducting the study and why they are important. The remainder of the statement should include consideration of the data you would use, measures of major variables, and analytic strategies. Think of it as a brief portfolio of thesis, dissertation, or research publication ideas.Entries on research projects in which you are already involved are not eligible for inclusion in the journal. On the last page of the journal, indicate which problem you would like to develop into a more detailed proposal during the remainder of the semester and why. Turn in the journal during week 5. I will evaluate your entries and comment on your selection idea. The rest of the semester will be spent on developing one of the ideas to a full-blown proposal (about 20 pages). You should turn in as many drafts as needed to receive a good grade for this segment of the course. I expect you to turn in three or more before the end of the semester. We will meet about each draft and go over my comments. Proposal drafts should be spaced out over the semester.The last week of the semester will be devoted to presentations of research proposals after which class members will offer comments and suggestions. Your grade will be based on the proposal draft you turn in the last week of the class. Twenty-one percent of the course grade is based on the research proposal. Cross-listed with: SOC 537
The course will provide an overview of the concepts and theory behind dynamical systems. Practical methods for exploring linear and nonlinear relations in multivariate longitudinal data, as well as methods for fitting dynamical systems models to panel and intensive longitudinal data (e.g., diary / experience sampling / ecological momentary assessments) will be presented. Examples may include difference and differential equation models, structural equation models with regime switching/ latent transition, and mixture/random effects extensions of these models. A variety of examples of dynamical systems from developmental research, family studies, and intervention science will be presented to provide some perspectives on when Dynamical Systems techniques l might be useful. We will also develop hands-on familiarity with different types of dynamical systems by using software programs to simulate, fit, and assess model-fitting results from different dynamical systems models. Students are encouraged to bring research issues and data pertinent to their own interests to class for discussion and critique. Recommended Preparations: HDFS 523 or other equivalents covering regression and multivariate data analysis techniques. The prerequisite may be waived or replaced with other courses in consultation with the instructor. Prior experience in mixed effects modeling and/or structural equation modeling is helpful, but not required.
/Maximum of 6 Cultural, psychological, and biological aspects of the developmental transition to adulthood. in sociology and statistics
Review of current theory, research, and intervention in the study of parenting. HDFS 540 Parenting: Theory, Research and Intervention (3) This course is designed to have students think critically about
Evidence-based behavioral and biobehavioral interventions are used to prevent and treat health problems (e.g. school-based drug abuse prevention; smoking cessation treatment), improve educational attainment (e.g. reading improvement interventions), and promote health and well-being (e.g. parenting skills training). An intervention may be aimed at any age and delivered in any context; may be aimed at individuals, families, organizations, or communities; and may include both behavioral components and medical components such as pharmaceuticals. The purpose of this course is to enable students to understand and apply quantitative, empirical research methods for optimization of evidence-based multicomponent behavioral and biobehavioral interventions. These methods are used for two related purposes. First, they are used to obtain knowledge about what intervention components work and for whom. Second, they are used to build optimized evidence-based interventions that are not only effective, but also efficient, economical, and scalable. The methods can be used to build new interventions, improve existing interventions, or identify good approaches for implementing interventions. The course will cover a comprehensive framework for empirical development, optimization, and evaluation of evidence-based behavioral and biobehavioral interventions. Students will learn how to craft a detailed conceptual model for an intervention under development, based on existing scientific theory and literature, and the student's own ideas. A substantial amount of time in the course will be spent on experimental design for optimization trials, particularly factorial experimental designs and variations such as the fractional factorial. The emphasis will be on making the best use of available resources so as to gather the highest-quality and most relevant scientific information. Students will learn how to identify the most appropriate and efficient experimental design for an optimization trial. Practical matters, such as guarding against implementation errors when conducting an experiment in a field setting, and dealing with errors if they occur, will be reviewed. Appropriate statistical analysis of data gathered during an optimization trial will be discussed. Students will learn how use the empirical results obtained in an optimization trial as a basis for selection of the components and component levels that will make up the optimized intervention. Students will also learn how the approaches covered in this course are applicable across a broad range of intervention types and objectives, and also to determine how these approaches are applicable to optimization of interventions in the students' own individual fields of scientific endeavor. RECOMMENDED PREPERATION: A minimum of two graduate-level statistics courses, covering at least up through multiple regression. Graduate - The Pennsylvania State University 2026-2027 1191
/Maximum of 9 Interpersonal interaction within family systems throughout the life cycle.
Conceptual frameworks and major contributions to the study of individual development across the life-span. psychology Cross-listed with: PSY 549
/Maximum of 6 Interdisciplinary approach to study of human development in middle age, including psychological, cultural, and biological aspects.
/Maximum of 999 Students learn techniques for analysis of intensive longitudinal data in the social sciences. The purpose of this course is to facilitate formulation of research questions, design of studies, measurement devices, and methods of analysis suitable for the types of empirical data obtained in intensive longitudinal studies (e.g., diary / experience sampling / ecological momentary assessment) being used in the social sciences. Students will gain skills useful in the study of developmental or other change-based processes. In particular, students will gain abilities related to research conceptualization, research design, data analysis, results interpretation, and the presentation and critique of longitudinal research. The course will (1) highlight general issues regarding the link between process-oriented research questions and longitudinal study designs, (2) survey a selection of intraindividual change and variability concepts, (3) provide step-by-step instruction on data manipulation, graphing, and the analysis of intensive repeated measures data (univariate and multivariate), and (4) develop students' skill in effectively communicating the features of longitudinal data and results of longitudinal analysis. Specific topics include the use of intraindividual variability metrics, multilevel models, generalized multilevel models, multivariate multilevel models, and P-technique factor analysis for measurement and modeling of dynamic characteristics and dynamic processes; the design and implementation of multiple time-scale studies; and how new technologies are shaping both the collection and analysis of intensive longitudinal data in the social sciences.
Focuses on interrelationships among families, poverty, and social policies.
/Maximum of 9 A seminar dealing with specific topics concerning adult development and aging.
/Maximum of 3 Continuing seminars which consist of a series of individual lectures by faculty, students, or outside speakers.
/Maximum of 9 Supervised research or internship in human services program.
/Maximum of 9 Creative projects, including nonthesis research, which are supervised on an individual basis and which fall outside the scope of formal courses.
/Maximum of 9 Formal courses given on a topical or special interest subject which may be offered infrequently; several different topics may be taught in one year or term.
or HDFS 610 Thesis Research Off Campus Total Credits 31 The thesis must be accepted by the advisers and/or committee members, the head of the graduate program, and the Graduate School, and the student must pass a thesis defense. Course work completed for the HDFS master’s degree at Penn State can be applied to satisfy the degree requirements for the HDFS Ph.D. Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) Requirements listed here are in addition to Graduate Council policies listed under GCAC-600 Research Degree Policies. (https:// gradschool.psu.edu/graduate-education-policies/) For the Ph.D., a minimum of 39.5 credits at the 400, 500, 600, or 800 level is required. Students are required to complete the following:
0 Credits/Maximum of 999 No description.
/Maximum of 6 Supervised experience in teaching and orientation to other selected aspects of the profession at The Pennsylvania State University.
/Maximum of 999 No description.
0 Credits/Maximum of 999 No description. Human Resources and Employment
Source: Pennsylvania State University-Penn State Erie-Behrend College's catalog, linked per course · table learning_unit · CourseShelf publish 59